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Search for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray origin using the extended Telescope Array experiment

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19KK0074
Research Category

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 15:Particle-, nuclear-, astro-physics, and related fields
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Sako Takashi  東京大学, 宇宙線研究所, 准教授 (90324368)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 野中 敏幸  東京大学, 宇宙線研究所, 助教 (30506754)
木戸 英治  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 開拓研究本部, 研究員 (00633778)
藤井 俊博  京都大学, 白眉センター, 特定助教 (50706877)
Project Period (FY) 2019-10-07 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥18,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Keywords宇宙線 / アマテラス粒子 / 粒子加速 / 銀河系外天体 / 空気シャワー実験 / 最高エネルギー宇宙線 / 空気シャワーアレイ実験 / 宇宙ニュートリノ / 極高エネルギー宇宙線 / 近傍銀河 / 空気シャワー / ホットスポット / 高エネルギー天体現象 / 大気蛍光望遠鏡 / 地上粒子検出器 / プラスチックシンチレータ
Outline of Research at the Start

極高エネルギー宇宙線は、たったひとつの粒子が10ジュールを超えるエネルギーを持つ宇宙放射線である。その起源として、大質量星の爆発や、ブラックホールの重力エネルギー解放、あるいは銀河同士の衝突など、壮大な高エネルギー宇宙現象が考えられているが、いまだ答えは見つかっていない。米国ユタ州で拡張テレスコープアレイ実験による宇宙線観測を推進し、テレスコープアレイ実験が報告した宇宙線到来方向の集中「ホットスポット」の存在を明らかにする。この観測で極高エネルギー宇宙線天文学を確立し、宇宙物理学の最重要課題の一つである宇宙線の起源解明をすすめる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Stable operation of the extended surface detectors of the Telescope Array experiment was achieved. Although the initial adjustments and maintenance were delayed due to travel restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, this was accomplished through the task sharing with the University of Utah and online discussions. The energy spectrum derived from the extended part was successfully measured, showing consistency with previous research. The original Telescope Array experiment continued to operate, and in May 2021, it successfully observed the second-highest energy cosmic ray in history. This event, named the "Amaterasu Particle," garnered attention from media worldwide and brought significant attention to cosmic ray research.
Analysis of arrival directions, considering the cosmic magnetic field, also progressed and was applied to understand the impact on correlations with starburst galaxies and the interpretation of the origin of the Amaterasu Particle.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

宇宙から10ジュールにも相当するエネルギーを持つ超高エネルギー宇宙線が到来していることは現代物理学の最大の謎のひとつである。本研究を通してテレスコープアレイ実験が2021年に観測した、史上2番目にエネルギーの高い宇宙線(通称アマテラス)の報告は、日本のみならず世界で高い関心を集めた。観測能力を向上した拡張テレスコープアレイの安定運用が本研究によって成功したことで、アマテラスのような驚くべき自然現象を今後も発見し、物理学の基本問題の解明に挑み社会の期待に応えることができる。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (70 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (22 results) Journal Article (19 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 18 results,  Peer Reviewed: 16 results,  Open Access: 11 results) Presentation (24 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 20 results,  Invited: 9 results) Remarks (5 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] ユタ大学/ロヨラ大学/ラドガーズ大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 成均館大学/漢陽大学/梨花大学(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ロシア科学アカデミー原子核研究所(ロシア連邦)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ブリュッセル自由大学(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ユタ大学/ロヨラ大学/ラドガーズ大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 成均館大学/漢陽大学/梨花大学(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ロシア科学アカデミー原子核研 究所(ロシア連邦)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ブリュッセル自由大学(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ユタ大学/ロヨラ大学/ラトガーズ大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 梨花大学/漢陽大学/成均館大学(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ロシア科学アカデミー原子核研究所(ロシア連邦)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ブリュッセル自由大学(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Utah/Loyola University Chicago(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Hanyang University/Sungkyunkwan University/Yonsei University(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Institute for Nuclear Research/Lomonosov State University(ロシア連邦)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universit Libre de Bruxelles(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Czech Academy of Sciences(チェコ)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Utah/Rutgers University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Hanyang University/Sungkyunkwan University/Yonsei University(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Institute for Nuclear Research/Lomonosov State University(ロシア連邦)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universite Libre de Bruxelles(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Czech Academy of Sciences(チェコ)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array2023

    • Author(s)
      Telescope Array Collaboration
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 382 Issue: 6673 Pages: 903-907

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.abo5095

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The energy spectrum of cosmic rays measured by the Telescope Array using 10 years of fluorescence detector data2023

    • Author(s)
      Telescope Array Collaboration
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 151 Pages: 102864-102864

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102864

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Effects of the Galactic Magnetic Field on the UHECR Correlation Studies with Starburst Galaxies2023

    • Author(s)
      Higuchi Ryo、Sako Takashi、Fujii Toshihiro、Kawata Kazumasa、Kido Eiji
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 949 Issue: 2 Pages: 107-107

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acc739

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Ultra high energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers2023

    • Author(s)
      Coleman A., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 149 Pages: 102819-102819

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102819

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Ultra high energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers2023

    • Author(s)
      A. Coleman et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 147 Pages: 102794-102794

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2022.102794

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Search for Spatial Correlations of Neutrinos with Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays2022

    • Author(s)
      Albert A. et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 934 Issue: 2 Pages: 164-164

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac6def

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Deep learning method for identifying mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays2022

    • Author(s)
      Kalashev O.、Kharuk I.、Kuznetsov M.、Rubtsov G.、Sako T.、Tsunesada Y.、Zhezher Ya.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Instrumentation

      Volume: 17 Issue: 05 Pages: P05008-P05008

    • DOI

      10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/p05008

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Observation of variations in cosmic ray single count rates during thunderstorms and implications for large-scale electric field changes2022

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R.U. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review D

      Volume: 105 Issue: 6 Pages: 062002-062002

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevd.105.062002

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Surface detectors of the TAx4 experiment2021

    • Author(s)
      R.U.Abbasi et al. (Telescope Array Collaboration)
    • Journal Title

      Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

      Volume: 1019 Pages: 165726-165726

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.nima.2021.165726

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Using deep learning to enhance event geometry reconstruction for the telescope array surface detector2021

    • Author(s)
      Ivanov D、Kalashev O E、Kuznetsov M Yu、Rubtsov G I、Sako T、Tsunesada Y、Zhezher Y V
    • Journal Title

      Machine Learning: Science and Technology

      Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 015006-015006

    • DOI

      10.1088/2632-2153/abae74

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report 2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Current status and prospects of surface detector of the TAx4 experiment2021

    • Author(s)
      E. Kido et al. (Telescope Array Collaboration)
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of Science

      Volume: ICRC2021 Pages: 203-203

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Reconstruction of Air Shower Events Measured by the Surface Detectors of the TAx4 Experiment2021

    • Author(s)
      H. Jeong et al. (Telescope Array Collaboration)
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of Science

      Volume: ICRC2021 Pages: 331-331

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Analysis of TAx4 hybrid trigger and events2021

    • Author(s)
      S. W. Kim et al. (Telescope Array Collaboration)
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of Science

      Volume: ICRC2021 Pages: 332-332

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Cosmic-Ray Composition between 2 PeV and 2 EeV Observed with the TALE Detector in Monocular Mode2021

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R. U. et al. (Telescope Array collaboration)
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 909 Issue: 2 Pages: 178-178

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abdd30

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Observations of the Origin of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes2020

    • Author(s)
      Belz J. W. et al. (Telescope Array collboration)
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 23 Pages: 1-26

    • DOI

      10.1029/2019jd031940

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Search for Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos with the Telescope Array Surface Detector2020

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R. U. et al. (Telescope Array collboration)
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

      Volume: 131 Issue: 2 Pages: 255-264

    • DOI

      10.1134/s106377612005012x

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array’s Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors, and surface array in hybrid mode2020

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R.U. et al. (Telescope Array collboration)
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review D

      Volume: 102 Issue: 6 Pages: 1-13

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevd.102.062004

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Evidence for a Supergalactic Structure of Magnetic Deflection Multiplets of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays2020

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R. U. et al. (Telescope Array collboration)
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 899 Issue: 1 Pages: 86-86

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aba26c

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Search for Large-scale Anisotropy on Arrival Directions of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays Observed with the Telescope Array Experiment2020

    • Author(s)
      Abbasi R. U. et al. (Telescope Array collboration)
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 898 Issue: 2 Pages: L28-L28

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/aba0bc

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Recent results from the Telescope Array experiment2024

    • Author(s)
      Eiji Kido
    • Organizer
      58th Rencontres de Moriond 2024
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum wiith the TA×4 SD array2023

    • Author(s)
      Kozo Fujisue
    • Organizer
      38th International Cosmic Ray Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] TA SD analysis for inclined air showers2023

    • Author(s)
      Kaoru Takahashi
    • Organizer
      38th International Cosmic Ray Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The latest results of the Telescope Array experiment2023

    • Author(s)
      Eiji Kido
    • Organizer
      52nd International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 2023)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Rapporteur Talk of Cosmic Ray Indirect (CRI): The past and future 20-years endeavor for discovering origins of ultra-high energy cosmic rays2023

    • Author(s)
      Toshihiro Fujii
    • Organizer
      38th International Cosmic Ray Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] GCOS-Japan consortium2023

    • Author(s)
      Toshihiro Fujii
    • Organizer
      The 3rd Global Cosmic-ray Observatory (GCOS) workshop
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Energy spectrum measured by the Telescope Array Surface Detectors2022

    • Author(s)
      Shoichi Ogio
    • Organizer
      UHECR2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Updates on the Hotspot and the Perseus-Pisces supercluster Excess Observed by the Telescope Array Experiment2022

    • Author(s)
      Jihyun Kim
    • Organizer
      UHECR2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Current status of the TAx4 surface detectors2022

    • Author(s)
      Eiji Kido
    • Organizer
      UHECR2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] TAx4 surface detectors data analysis2022

    • Author(s)
      Kozo Fujisue
    • Organizer
      UHECR2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Estimation and reduction of the biases by the galactic magnetic field on the UHECR correlation studies2022

    • Author(s)
      Ryo Higuchi
    • Organizer
      UHECR2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Status of the Telescope Array detectors2021

    • Author(s)
      E. Kido
    • Organizer
      TIPP2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Anisotropy search in the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Spectrum in the Northern Hemisphere using latest data obtained with Telescope Array surface detector2021

    • Author(s)
      T. Nonaka
    • Organizer
      ICRC2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Effects of Galactic magnetic field on the UHECR anisotropy studies2021

    • Author(s)
      R. Higuchi
    • Organizer
      ICRC2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] TA and TAx4 experiment summary. Status and results.2021

    • Author(s)
      E. Kido
    • Organizer
      GCOS workshop
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Update on the large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropy search at the highest energies by the Telescope Array Experiment2021

    • Author(s)
      T. Fujii
    • Organizer
      ICRC2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cosmic ray physics - experimental review -2021

    • Author(s)
      Takashi Sako
    • Organizer
      Workshop on forward physics and QCD with LHC, EIC and cosmic ray
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Overview of the Telescope Array experiment2020

    • Author(s)
      Yana Zhezher
    • Organizer
      Connecting high-energy astroparticle physics for origins of cosmic rays and future perspectives
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Effects of Galactic magnetic field on the UHECR anisotropy studies2020

    • Author(s)
      Ryo Higuchi
    • Organizer
      Connecting high-energy astroparticle physics for origins of cosmic rays and future perspectives
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Overview and Summary: Connecting high-energy astroparticle physics for origins of cosmic rays and future perspectives2020

    • Author(s)
      Toshihiro Fujii
    • Organizer
      Connecting high-energy astroparticle physics for origins of cosmic rays and future perspectives
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] テレスコープアレイ実験による超高エネルギー宇宙線原子核組成研究の進展2020

    • Author(s)
      さこ隆志
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] TA実験332:TAx4実験全体報告62020

    • Author(s)
      木戸英治, 他Telescope Array Collaboration
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] TA実験335:ハイブリッドトリガを用いた大気蛍光望遠鏡事象の解析2020

    • Author(s)
      申興秀, 他Telescope Array Collaboration
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] TA実験337:Mass composition studies with the Telescope Array Surface Detector2020

    • Author(s)
      Yana Zhezher, 他Telescope Array Collaboration
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] テレスコープアレイ実験

    • URL

      http://www-ta.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ta_public/index.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report 2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] テレスコープアレイ実験 webページ(日本)

    • URL

      http://www-ta.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ta_public/index.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] テレスコープアレイ実験 webページ(ユタ大学)

    • URL

      http://www.telescopearray.org

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] テレスコープアレイ実験 webページ (日本)

    • URL

      http://www-ta.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ta_public/index.html

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] テレスコープアレイ実験 webページ (ユタ大学)

    • URL

      http://www.telescopearray.org

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-10-10   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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