• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

Function of the umami taste receptor and diets

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20H02941
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 38050:Food sciences-related
Research InstitutionMeiji University

Principal Investigator

Toda Yasuka  明治大学, 農学部, 特任講師 (10802978)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥18,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥12,740,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,940,000)
Keywords味覚 / 旨味 / GPCR / 味覚受容体 / 食性
Outline of Research at the Start

食品にとって「おいしさ」は重要な二次機能である。近年、申請者らは世界中で調味料として利用されてきた食材中に、旨味受容体活性化能を有する共通の成分が含まれることを明らかにした。このことは、ヒトがおいしいと感じるのに旨味が重要な役割を果たしてきたことを示している。
そこで、本研究では様々な脊椎動物間で、旨味受容体の機能及び食物を比較し、ヒト旨味受容体の特徴である「高グルタミン酸活性」及び「ヌクレオチド受容能」がどのような食品成分の味・栄養素検出と結びついているのかを明らかにする。本研究は、旨味感覚の本質の解明に繋がることと期待される。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Umami tastes are sensed by a taste receptor complex, T1R1/T1R3, that detects proteinogenic amino acids. High sensitivity to glutamate is a characteristic of human T1R1/T1R3, but the T1R1/T1R3 of other vertebrates does not consistently show this glutamate response. By using functional, behavioral, phylogenetic, and ecological approaches in diverse primate lineages, we reveal a widespread and robust response to nucleotides across T1R1/T1R3 of primates. On the other hand, T1R1/T1R3 of large primates underwent adaptive evolution that improved their ability to detect glutamate, which is a major free amino acid in leafy diets.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

味覚は、食物が摂食可能であるかを判断する上で重要な感覚である。味は甘味、旨味、苦味、酸味、塩味の5基本味からなる。基本味のうち、旨味は日本人にとって馴染みのある味質だが、世界的にはあまり理解がされていない。一方、本研究によって、旨味感覚が動物の食嗜好形成において重要な役割を果たすことが裏付けられた。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (23 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Peer Reviewed: 6 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (4 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] マックスプランク研究所(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Synergism, Bifunctionality, and the Evolution of a Gradual Sensory Trade-off in Hummingbird Taste Receptors2022

    • Author(s)
      Cockburn G, Ko MC, Sadanandan KR, Miller ET, Nakagita T, Monte A, Cho S, Roura E, Toda Y, Baldwin MW.
    • Journal Title

      Mol Biol Evol

      Volume: 39 Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1093/molbev/msab367

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A single residue confers selective loss of sugar sensing in wrynecks2022

    • Author(s)
      Cramer Julia F.、Miller Eliot T.、Ko Meng-Ching、Liang Qiaoyi、Cockburn Glenn、Nakagita Tomoya、Cardinale Massimiliano、Fusani Leonida、Toda Yasuka、Baldwin Maude W.
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 32 Issue: 19 Pages: 4270-4278.e5

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.059

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] T1R2-mediated sweet sensing in a lizard2022

    • Author(s)
      Liang Qiaoyi、Ko Meng-Ching、Ng Nathaniel S.R.、Reh Borja、Lee Jessica G.H.、Yamashita Atsuko、Nishihara Hidenori、Toda Yasuka、Baldwin Maude W.
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 32 Issue: 23 Pages: R1302-R1303

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2022.10.061

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Early origin of sweet perception in the songbird radiation2021

    • Author(s)
      Toda Yasuka、Ko Meng-Ching、Liang Qiaoyi、Miller Eliot T.、Rico-Guevara Alejandro、Nakagita Tomoya、Sakakibara Ayano、Uemura Kana、Sackton Timothy、Hayakawa Takashi、Sin Simon Yung Wa、Ishimaru Yoshiro、Misaka Takumi、Oteiza Pablo、Crall James、Edwards Scott V.、Buttemer William、Matsumura Shuichi、Baldwin Maude W.
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 373 Issue: 6551 Pages: 226-231

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.abf6505

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Evolution of the primate glutamate taste sensor from a nucleotide sensor2021

    • Author(s)
      Toda Yasuka、Hayakawa Takashi、Itoigawa Akihiro、Kurihara Yosuke、Nakagita Tomoya、Hayashi Masahiro、Ashino Ryuichi、Melin Amanda D.、Ishimaru Yoshiro、Kawamura Shoji、Imai Hiroo、Misaka Takumi
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 31 Issue: 20 Pages: 4641-4649

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.002

    • NAID

      120007166025

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Expression profiles and functional characterization of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio) T2Rs2021

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu T, Kubozono T, Asaoka R, Toda Y, Ishimaru Y.
    • Journal Title

      Biochem Biophys Rep

      Volume: 28 Pages: 101123-101123

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101123

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 嗜好味受容体T1Rにおける新規レパートリーの発見と機能解明2023

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、西原秀典、藏本多恵、蒲原功汰、後藤あず紗、星野杏子、岡田晋治、工樂樹洋、岡部正隆、石丸喜朗
    • Organizer
      日本農芸化学会2023年度大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 動物の食性と味覚の進化2023

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香
    • Organizer
      JT 生命誌研究館 生命誌レクチャー
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Evolution of the T1R receptors in vertebrates2023

    • Author(s)
      Yasuka Toda, Yoshiro Ishimaru
    • Organizer
      The 19th International Symposium on Molecular and Neural mechanisms of Taste and Olfactory Perception
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Evolution of sweet and umami taste perception in vertebrates / 脊椎動物における甘味・旨味感覚の進化2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasuka Toda
    • Organizer
      NEURO2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Umami perception in birds and mammals2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasuka Toda
    • Organizer
      日本味と匂学会第56回大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 味覚と食性の関わりの解明2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香
    • Organizer
      第4回 輝く女性研究者賞(ジュン アシダ賞)受賞講演
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 様々な脊椎動物における味覚受容体と食性の関連の解明2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香
    • Organizer
      2022年度(第21回)日本農学進歩賞受賞者講演
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 霊長類におけるグルタミン酸の旨味受容と食物の関わり2021

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、石丸喜朗、三坂巧
    • Organizer
      第75回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] T1R受容体の機能と食性の関わり2021

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香
    • Organizer
      第5回感覚フロンティア研究会シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 霊長類におけるグルタミン酸の味受容の進化2020

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、石丸喜朗、三坂巧
    • Organizer
      第43回日本分子生物学会年会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 小腸刷子細胞におけるイメージング法の構築2020

    • Author(s)
      朝比奈瞭、楠真友子、戸田安香、安達貴弘、石丸喜朗
    • Organizer
      日本農芸化学会2021年度大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 霊長類旨味受容体の機能と食性の関わりの解明2020

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、早川卓志、栗原洋介、中北智哉、河村正二、今井啓雄、石丸喜朗、三坂巧
    • Organizer
      日本農芸化学会2021年度大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 味覚受容体の進化から考える「グルタミン酸はなぜおいしい?」(バイオサイエンスとインダストリー(B&I))2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、三坂巧
    • Total Pages
      2
    • Publisher
      (一財)バイオインダストリー協会(JBA)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 祖先の甘味感覚獲得がもたらした鳴禽類の繁栄(Japanese Scientists in Science 2021)2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、中北智哉、早川卓志、石丸喜朗、三坂巧、松村秀一
    • Total Pages
      1
    • Publisher
      アスカコーポレーション
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 様々な脊椎動物における味覚受容体と食性の関連・魚類から鳥類,霊長類における食の進化戦略(化学と生物)2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、石丸喜朗
    • Total Pages
      3
    • Publisher
      国際文献社
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 脊椎動物における味覚の多様性とその遺伝的要因(科学)2022

    • Author(s)
      戸田安香、石丸喜朗、三坂巧
    • Total Pages
      5
    • Publisher
      岩波書店
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi