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Representation of convection and its relationship with cloud feedback and climate sensitivity

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K04067
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17020:Atmospheric and hydrospheric sciences-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute for Environmental Studies

Principal Investigator

HIROTA Nagio  国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 地球システム領域, 主任研究員 (30750616)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Keywords気候感度 / 雲降水 / 気候モデル / 降水 / 対流 / 雲
Outline of Research at the Start

二酸化炭素倍増時の気温上昇量で定義される気候感度には1.5~4.5℃の大きな不確実性がある。不確実性の最大の要因は、熱帯の下層雲の応答(フィードバック)が気候モデルごとに異なることである。一方、気候感度の値はモデルの対流の表現方法の設計に大きく依存することが知られている。本課題では、気候モデルの対流設計に着目して、数値実験とその結果解析を行い、対流が雲量を変化させ、雲フィードバックと気候感度に影響する仕組みを明らかにする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this research project, we analyzed the experimental outputs of many climate models (CMIP3, 5, 6) around the world and performed numerical experiments using the Japanese climate model MIROC. In warmer climate, cloud amount in the lower atmosphere (~2000 m) decrease weakening the sun-shade effect of clouds and accelerating global warming. In addition, clouds in the upper atmosphere (~10000 m) increase in height with global warming, which strengthens the greenhouse effect of clouds and accelerates global warming. However, many climate models underestimate the amounts of low and high clouds, indicating insufficient positive feedback of these clouds. These results were published as two papers in international academic journals.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

気候モデルによる気候変動予測には大きな不確実性がある。例えば、IPCC AR6で参照されている気候モデルによって予測されるCO2倍増時の気温上昇量には1.8-5.6℃の幅がある。本研究課題では、気候変動予測の不確実性の最大の要因である、雲・降水プロセスを調べ、それらが温暖化を加速するメカニズムを示した。更にその理解に基づいて、気候変動における雲の働き(雲フィードバック)の不確実性を低減することに成功した。これらの成果は、気候モデルによるより精緻な気候変動予測に繋がるものである。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Impacts of precipitation modeling on cloud feedback in MIROC62022

    • Author(s)
      Hirota, N., T. Michibata, H. Shiogama, T. Ogura, and K. Suzuki
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 49 Issue: 5

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021gl096523

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Emergent constraints on future precipitation changes2022

    • Author(s)
      Shiogama, H., M. Watanabe, H. Kim, N. Hirota
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 602 Issue: 7898 Pages: 612-616

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-021-04310-8

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Underestimated marine stratocumulus cloud feedback associated with overly active deep convection in models2021

    • Author(s)
      Hirota, N., Ogura, T., Shiogama, H., Caldwell, P., Watanabe, M., Kamae, Y., and Suzuki, K.
    • Journal Title

      Environmental Research Letters

      Volume: 16(7) Issue: 7 Pages: 074015-074015

    • DOI

      10.1088/1748-9326/abfb9e

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] MIROC6における降水過程精緻化による雲の温暖化応答への影響2022

    • Author(s)
      廣田 渚郎, 道端 拓朗, 塩竈 秀夫, 小倉 知夫, 鈴木健太郎
    • Organizer
      JpGU
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Impacts of Precipitation Modeling on cloud response to global warming in MIROC62022

    • Author(s)
      Hirota, N., T. Michibata, H. Shiogama, T. Ogura, and K. Suzuki
    • Organizer
      CFMIP
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] MIROCにおける雲・降水プロセス高度化の雲フィードバックへの影響2022

    • Author(s)
      廣田 渚郎, 道端 拓朗, 塩竈 秀夫, 小倉 知夫, 鈴木健太郎
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] CMIP5/6における対流活動に着目した下層雲フィードバックの不確実性の制約2021

    • Author(s)
      廣田 渚郎, 小倉 知夫, 塩竈 秀夫, Peter Caldwell, 渡部 雅浩, 釜江陽一, 鈴木健太郎
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Underestimated marine stratocumulus cloud feedback associated with overly active deep convection in models2021

    • Author(s)
      Nagio Hirota, T. Ogura, H. Shiogama, P. M. Caldwell, M. Watanabe, Y. Kamae, and K. Suzuki
    • Organizer
      CFMIP 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] CMIP5/6モデルにおける過剰な深い対流と気候感度の過小評価2020

    • Author(s)
      廣田 渚郎, 小倉 知夫, 塩竈 秀夫, 渡部 雅浩, 釜江陽一, 鈴木健太郎
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 気候変動から世界をまもる30の方法2021

    • Author(s)
      国際環境NGO FoE Japan 気候変動・エネルギーチーム
    • Total Pages
      176
    • Publisher
      合同出版
    • ISBN
      9784772614450
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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