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How do disturbances caused by large-sized mammals influence local biodiversity?: Possibilities of ecological rewilding under shrinking society

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K06089
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 39060:Conservation of biological resources-related
Research InstitutionYamagata University

Principal Investigator

Hiroto Enari  山形大学, 農学部, 教授 (90584128)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywords撹乱 / ニホンザル / イノシシ / ニホンジカ / 多雪 / 再野生化 / 多種共存 / 採食 / 生物間相互作用 / 攪乱
Outline of Research at the Start

増加する世界人口の一方で、アジアや欧州では人口減少が予想され、人為攪乱によって維持される多種共存プロセスの保全が課題となっている。そこで、人口減少国の先頭に立つ日本において、害獣として排除されやすい哺乳類(シカ・イノシシ・サル)がもたらす攪乱に注目し、「人為攪乱依存の多種共存プロセス」との代替可能性を評価する。ただし、哺乳類由来の攪乱が過度な場合、そのプロセスは負の影響を受ける。本研究により特定された過度な攪乱については、縮小社会において攪乱を軽減するための管理コストを評価し、実装可能な対応策を提案する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Recovery of large mammal populations has recently been observed in heavy snow regions. Here we focused on disturbances caused by their feeding and tried to (1) identify environmental conditions that determine the frequency of disturbances, (2) evaluate the influence of disturbances on plant diversity, and (3) estimate risk mitigation cost for excessive disturbances which result in biodiversity loss. The current key findings are: (1) whereas macaque feeding during winters rarely results in decreasing fitness of individual plants, they have a function to increase biomass of macaque food plants; (2) rooting activities of boar generate a negative impact on understory of beech forests, but contributes to enhancing plant assemblages in old conifer plantations; and (3) the destructive impacts of deer foraging during winters on plant assemblages gradually come to the surface and the risk mitigation cost to prevent such undesirable impact is estimated to increase with shrinking society.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

東北地方で近年顕著に分布回復がみられるサルやイノシシは里山を代表する大型の哺乳類であるが、昨今の農林業被害の深刻化を受けて、「害獣」として広く認識されている。その結果、大規模な捕獲が各地で行われるようになった。一方で、本研究を通して、サルは植物群集を改変する生態系エンジニアになりうること、イノシシの掘り起こしは管理放棄により高齢化したスギ人工林地の多種共存を回復させるプラスの効果をもたらしうることなどが明らかにされた。これらの結果は、自律的な生態系を取り戻す「再野生化」の試みにおける、大型獣のもつ生態学的機能の理解に貢献するものと考えられる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (25 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 12 results,  Open Access: 7 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 2 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Gait Patterns in Snow?a Possible Criterion to Differentiate Sika Deer and Japanese Serow Tracks2023

    • Author(s)
      Enari Hiroto、Akamatsu Moeri、Yamashita Junpei、Kanayama Nozomu、Iida Motoki、Enari Haruka S.
    • Journal Title

      Mammal Study

      Volume: 48 Issue: 1 Pages: 69-73

    • DOI

      10.3106/ms2022-0024

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Preface2022

    • Author(s)
      辻大和、江成広斗
    • Journal Title

      Primate Research

      Volume: 38 Issue: 1 Pages: 3

    • DOI

      10.2354/psj.38.009

    • ISSN
      0912-4047, 1880-2117
    • Year and Date
      2022-06-20
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Multiphase processes of seed dispersals via masked palm civets as a non-native species in cool-temperate forests of northern Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Onodera Sota、Enari Haruka S.、Enari Hiroto
    • Journal Title

      Acta Oecologica

      Volume: 117 Pages: 103872-103872

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.actao.2022.103872

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Optimizing habitat connectivity among macaque populations in modern Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Enari Hiroto、Seino Hironori、Uno Takeharu、Morimitsu Yoshiki、Takiguchi Masaaki、Suzuki Katsuya、Tsuji Yamato、Yamabata Naoto、Kiyono Mieko、Akaza Hisaaki、Izumiyama Shigeyuki、Oi Toru、Ebihara Hiroshi、Miki Kiyomasa、Kuramoto Musashi、Enari Haruka S.
    • Journal Title

      Conservation Science and Practice

      Volume: 4 Issue: 11

    • DOI

      10.1111/csp2.12824

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Comparison of perceptions regarding the reintroduction of river otters and oriental storks in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakurai Ryo、Stedman Richard C.、Tsunoda Hiroshi、Enari Hiroto、Uehara Takuro
    • Journal Title

      Cogent Social Sciences

      Volume: 8 Issue: 1

    • DOI

      10.1080/23311886.2022.2115656

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Habitat selection by non-native masked palm civets in a Japanese rural landscape, incorporating individual differences2022

    • Author(s)
      Ayaka Toriyabe, Hiroto Enari, Haruka S Enari, Masayuki U Saito
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Mammalogy

      Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 608

    • DOI

      10.1093/jmammal/gyab150

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Ecological consequences of herbivory by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) on succession patterns of tree assemblages: a case of snowy regions in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Hiroto Enari, Haruka S Enari
    • Journal Title

      American Journal of Primatology

      Volume: 83 Issue: 9

    • DOI

      10.1002/ajp.23317

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Reasons for the dissatisfaction of residents with the recent reduction in the amount of crop damage by Japanese macaques―A case study in a typical depopulating prefecture in northern Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Haruka S Enari, Hiroto Enari
    • Journal Title

      Mammal Study

      Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Pages: 153-160

    • DOI

      10.3106/ms2020-0060

    • NAID

      210000175435

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Human-macaque conflicts in shrinking communities: recent achievements and challenges in problem solving in modern Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Hiroto Enari
    • Journal Title

      Mammal Study

      Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Pages: 115-130

    • DOI

      10.3106/ms2019-0056

    • NAID

      210000164574

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Not avian but mammalian scavengers efficiently consume carcasses under heavy snowfall conditions: a case from northern Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Enari Hiroto、Enari Haruka S.
    • Journal Title

      Mammalian Biology

      Volume: - Issue: 4 Pages: 419-428

    • DOI

      10.1007/s42991-020-00097-9

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] カメラトラップで確認された山形大学農学部附属上名川演習林における哺乳類相2020

    • Author(s)
      渡部凌我, 斎藤昌幸, 江成はるか, 江成広斗
    • Journal Title

      東北森林科学会誌

      Volume: 25 Pages: 37-40

    • NAID

      130008131844

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] カメラトラップをもちいた攪乱の少ないブナ林における哺乳類相の評価:白神山地の事例2020

    • Author(s)
      江成 広斗、江成 はるか
    • Journal Title

      野生生物と社会

      Volume: 8 Pages: 1-4

    • NAID

      130007895927

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A strategy for wildlife management in depopulating rural areas of Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Tsunoda Hiroshi、Enari Hiroto
    • Journal Title

      Conservation Biology

      Volume: 34 Issue: 4 Pages: 819-828

    • DOI

      10.1111/cobi.13470

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 縮む社会における野生動物との向き合い方2023

    • Author(s)
      江成広斗
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会 第26回公開講演会 変わる東北の生態系
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Wildlife Management in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Hiroto Enari
    • Organizer
      NParks Wildlife Management Webinar Series
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] なぜニホンジカは多雪地に生息できるのか―生息地評価モデルからみる越冬戦略-2022

    • Author(s)
      赤松萌鈴、江成はるか、山下純平、千本木洋介、江成広斗
    • Organizer
      日本哺乳類学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Public attitudes toward reintroduction of wolves in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Ryo Sakurai, Richard Stedman, Hiroshi Tsunoda, Hiroto Enari, Takuro Uehara
    • Organizer
      Human Dimensions of Wildlife Conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ニホンザルの樹皮食は植物群集の遷移様式を変化させる:豪雪地の事例から2022

    • Author(s)
      江成広斗, 江成はるか
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 多雪地域における哺乳類の冬季の活動性:カメラトラップによる種間比較2022

    • Author(s)
      斎藤昌幸, 渡部凌我, 江成広斗
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 縮小社会における野生動物管理の持続可能性と無居住化に伴う生態リスク2021

    • Author(s)
      江成広斗, 髙田真大朗
    • Organizer
      「野生生物と社会」学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 群れ/個体の加害性に注目した野生動物管理 ~ニホンザルの事例~2021

    • Author(s)
      江成広斗
    • Organizer
      日本哺乳類学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 哺乳類学2022

    • Author(s)
      小池 伸介、佐藤 淳、佐々木 基樹、江成 広斗
    • Total Pages
      416
    • Publisher
      東京大学出版会
    • ISBN
      4130622315
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Hiroto ENARI's Website

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/hirotoenari/

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/hirotoenari/

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/hirotoenari/

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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