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A preliminary study for magnitude estimates and quantitative comparisons of the extreme space weather events based on the early modern analog observational records

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K22367
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0204:Astronomy, earth and planetary science, and related fields
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

Hayakawa Hisashi  名古屋大学, 高等研究院(宇宙), 特任助教 (10879787)

Project Period (FY) 2020-09-11 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords宇宙天気 / 太陽地球物理 / 環境史 / 地磁気 / オーロラ / 太陽物理 / 太陽嵐 / 太陽黒点 / 太陽フレア / 磁気嵐 / 宇宙天気現象 / 歴史的観測
Outline of Research at the Start

激甚宇宙天気現象の規模はこれまで1957年以降過去63年間をカバーするDst指数によって行われてきたが、歴史的な観測事例から現代観測事例をはるかに上回る規模の現象の存在が指摘されてきた。本研究ではこの問題を解決するため、過去の激甚宇宙天気現象の定量的評価を地磁気とオーロラの歴史的観測の解析によって行い、その検討を過去180年ほどに延伸することで、このような激甚現象のデータ自体を増やし、既存のデジタルデータベースから提唱されたモデルがどの程度まで極端現象に延伸可能か検証するための材料とする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This project has conducted preliminary several case studies on extreme space weather events by the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958), where majority of the space weather statistics started. This project has reconstructed their magnitudes and temporal evolutions on the basis of historical analog observational records for solar surface, geomagnetism, and visual aurorae. On this basis, we have quantitatively reconstructed the temporal evolutions and the magnitudes of the source solar flares, geomagnetic disturbances, and equatorward auroral boundaries for the extreme space weather events in 1859 (the Carrington event; allegedly the greatest space weather event) and 1930s-1950s. This project has also reconstructed the source flare magnitude of the super flare candidate in 774/775. On their basis, this project has proven feasibility for the space weather researches on the basis of historical analog records.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

現代文明が科学技術インフラへの依存の度を深めるにつれ、太陽面爆発に伴う激甚宇宙天気現象の現代文明への脅威は加速的に増大しつつある。本研究では過去のアナログ観測記録を充填的に検討することで、各種統計が本格的に開始された国際地球観測年(1957-1958)以前の激甚宇宙天気現象について複数の事例研究を行った。この結果、過去180年の間に起きていた複数の激甚宇宙天気現象の時系列や規模が定量的に復元され、アナログ観測記録や歴史文献を用いての過去の激甚宇宙天気現象の復元研究についての実現可能性が実証された。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (33 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (11 results) Journal Article (16 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 14 results,  Peer Reviewed: 16 results,  Open Access: 10 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA/The University of Colorado Boulder/University of Maryland Baltimore(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Finnish Meteorological Institute(フィンランド)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Ebro Observatory(スペイン)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Observatory(ブラジル)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(インド)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA/National Solar Observatory/USGS(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Austrian Academy of Science(オーストリア)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Copernicus Gesellschaft e.V.(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(インド)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences(ウズベキスタン)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Temporal Variations of the Three Geomagnetic Field Components at Colaba Observatory around the Carrington Storm in 18592022

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Nevanlinna Heikki、Sean P. Blake、Ebihara Yusuke、Bhaskar Ankush T.、Miyoshi Yoshizumi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 928 Issue: 1 Pages: 32-32

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac2601

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A review for Japanese auroral records on the three extreme space weather events around the International Geophysical Year (1957?1958)2022

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Ebihara Yusuke、Hata Hidetoshi
    • Journal Title

      Geoscience Data Journal

      Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 142-157

    • DOI

      10.1002/gdj3.140

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The Extreme Solar and Geomagnetic Storms on 20-25 March 19402022

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Oliveira Denny M、Shea Margaret A、Smart Don F、Blake Sean P、Hattori Kentaro、Bhaskar Ankush T、Curto Juan J、Franco Daniel R、Ebihara Yusuke
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: - Issue: 2 Pages: 1709-1723

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab3615

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A candidate auroral report in the Bamboo Annals, indicating a possible extreme space weather event in the early 10th century BCE2022

    • Author(s)
      van der Sluijs Marinus Anthony、Hayakawa Hisashi
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Space Research

      Volume: - Issue: 12 Pages: 5767-5776

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.asr.2022.01.010

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Stephan Prantner’s Sunspot Observations during the Dalton Minimum2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Uneme Shoma、Besser Bruno P.、Iju Tomoya、Imada Shinsuke
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 919 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-1

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abee1b

    • NAID

      120007190685

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The extreme space weather events in October 17882021

    • Author(s)
      Hattori Kentaro、Hayakawa Hisashi、Ebihara Yusuke
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: 5 Pages: 1367-1374

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psab079

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Candidate Auroral Observations Indicating a Major Solar?Terrestrial Storm in 1680: Implication for Space Weather Events during the Maunder Minimum2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Schlegel Kristian、Besser Bruno P.、Ebihara Yusuke
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 909 Issue: 1 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abb3c2

    • NAID

      120007163650

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Extreme Space Weather Event in 1941 February/March2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Blake Sean P.、Bhaskar Ankush、Hattori Kentaro、Oliveira Denny M.、Ebihara Yusuke
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 908 Issue: 2 Pages: 209-209

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abb772

    • NAID

      120007163651

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Intensity and Evolution of the Extreme Solar and Geomagnetic Storms in 1938 January2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Hattori Kentaro、Pevtsov Alexei A.、Ebihara Yusuke、Shea Margaret A.、McCracken Ken G.、Daglis Ioannis A.、Bhaskar Ankush T.、Ribeiro Paulo、Knipp Delores J.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 909 Issue: 2 Pages: 197-197

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abc427

    • NAID

      120007163649

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Reanalyses of the sunspot observations of Fogelius and Siverus: Two “Long-Term” observers during the Maunder Minimum2020

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Iju Tomoya、Uneme Shoma、Besser Bruno P、Kosaka Shunsuke、Imada Shinsuke
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: staa Issue: 1 Pages: 2965-2965

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa2965

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Intensity and time series of extreme solar-terrestrial storm in 1946 March2020

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Ebihara Yusuke、Pevtsov Alexei A、Bhaskar Ankush、Karachik Nina、Oliveira Denny M
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 497 Issue: 4 Pages: 5507-5517

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa1508

    • NAID

      120007145987

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A possible case of sporadic aurora observed at Rio de Janeiro2020

    • Author(s)
      Oliveira Denny M.、Hayakawa Hisashi、Bhaskar Ankush、Zesta Eftyhia、Vichare Geeta
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 72 Issue: 1 Pages: 72-72

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-020-01208-z

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] An Analysis of Trouvelot's Auroral Drawing on 1/2 March 1872: Plausible Evidence for Recurrent Geomagnetic Storms2020

    • Author(s)
      Bhaskar Ankush、Hayakawa Hisashi、Oliveira Denny M.、Blake Sean、Silverman Sam M.、Ebihara Yusuke
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

      Volume: 125 Issue: 10

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020ja028227

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Estimating Satellite Orbital Drag During Historical Magnetic Superstorms2020

    • Author(s)
      Oliveira Denny M.、Zesta Eftyhia、Hayakawa Hisashi、Bhaskar Ankush
    • Journal Title

      Space Weather

      Volume: 18 Issue: 11

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020sw002472

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] South American auroral reports during the Carrington storm2020

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa Hisashi、Ribeiro Jos? R.、Ebihara Yusuke、Correia Ana P.、S?ma Mitsuru
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 72 Issue: 1 Pages: 122-122

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-020-01249-4

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] On the Size of the Flare Associated with the Solar Proton Event in 774 AD2020

    • Author(s)
      Cliver E. W.、Hayakawa H.、Love Jeffrey J.、Neidig D. F.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 903 Issue: 1 Pages: 41-41

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abad93

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Historical observations of intensities and time series of the extreme space weather events in the 1940s2022

    • Author(s)
      Hisashi Hayakawa et al.
    • Organizer
      COSTEP's 15th Quadrennial Solar-Terrestrial Physics Symposium
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 歴史文献による過去3000年間の 激甚太陽嵐の調査と定量復元」「キャリントン・イベント時のボンベイでの地磁気変動:原典史料分析2022

    • Author(s)
      早川尚志
    • Organizer
      知の開拓者 コンソーシアム総会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アナログ記録による過去の激甚宇宙天気現象の事例研究:磁気擾乱とオーロラ低緯度境界2022

    • Author(s)
      早川尚志他
    • Organizer
      GIC研究会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 過去の観測記録から復元する1940年3月の激甚宇宙天気現象2021

    • Author(s)
      早川尚志他
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Extreme space weather events in the observational history: the Carrington event and others2021

    • Author(s)
      Hisashi Hayakawa et al.
    • Organizer
      Asia Oceania Geosciences Society 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 過去1.8世紀の歴史的アナログ記録に基づく激甚磁気嵐の規模推定の事例研究2020

    • Author(s)
      早川尚志、海老原祐輔、服部健太郎
    • Organizer
      第148回総会及び講演会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2020-09-29   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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