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Regulatory mechanisms underlying germ granule dynamics by newly identified maternal factors

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21H02489
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 44020:Developmental biology-related
Research InstitutionKumamoto University

Principal Investigator

Nakamura Akira  熊本大学, 発生医学研究所, 教授 (90323245)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,990,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Keywords生殖細胞 / 生殖顆粒 / 相分離 / 母性RNA / トランスポゾン / piRNA / ショウジョウバエ
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、生殖顆粒の動態制御に関わる新規因子として同定したSrlとTppの分子機能解明を目指す。Srlは転写コアクチベーターであることから、①生殖顆粒の動態制御におけるSrlの標的遺伝子の同定とそれらの機能解析、ならびに②Srlと共に機能する転写因子の同定の2点を中心に進める。一方、Tppはヌアージに局在することから、③tppを欠く卵巣における生殖顆粒因子の動態解析、④Tppの相互作用分子の同定とそれらの機能解析等を進める。また、⑤機能未知のマウスTppホモログについて、多重ノックアウト系統を作成し、左右相称動物に共通した機能を解析する上での足掛かりとする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Germ cells give rise to gametes and transmit genetic information to offspring. Drosophila germ cell formation relies on the germ plasm, which is assembled into condensates with maternal RNAs and proteins. Many germ plasm proteins including Aubergine (Aub), also localize around nurse cell nuclei and form condensates, called nuage, which is the site for piRNA production and Aub-dependent cleavage of transposons. How the functions and assemblies of the nuage and germ plasm are coordinated remains elusive.
We have identified a novel maternal factor involved in the germ plasm assembly, named tiny pole plasm (tpp). In tpp- ovaries, the posterior localization of Aub was reduced. Tpp colocalized with Aub in the nuage, but not in the germ plasm. In tpp- ovaries, the amount of Aub-bound piRNAs was reduced, without severe derepression of transposons. These results suggest that differential piRNA abundance is required for transposon silencing and germ plasm assembly in the Drosophila ovary.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

トランスポゾンはゲノム情報に損傷を与える。一方、生物進化の原動力の一つでもあると考えられている。本研究では、ショウジョウバエをモデルに、トランスポゾンの分解を行うpiRNAが生殖細胞形成にも重要であり、生殖細胞形成に必要なpiRNA量の閾値がトランスポゾン抑制の必要量よりも高いことを明らかにした。ショウジョウバエではpiRNAが次世代の生殖細胞に引継がれトランスポゾン抑制に貢献する。卵巣内でトランスポゾン抑制に必要な量よりも過剰なpiRNAを産生することで、次世代に十分な多様性を持ったpiRNAの伝搬を保証していると予想された。このような知見は今まで提唱されておらず、学術的意義が高い。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Invited: 1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose/University of Montpellier(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Indiana University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Coordinate transcriptional and post-transcriptional repression of pro-differentiation genes maintains intestinal stem cell identity.2022

    • Author(s)
      Buddika, K., Huang, Y.-T., Butrum-Griffith, A., Norrell, S. A., O'Conner, A. M., Patel, V. K., Rector, S. A., Slovan, M., Sokolowsky, M., Kato, Y., Nakamura, A. and Sokol, N. S.
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 386-397

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.032

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Receptor-mediated yolk uptake is required for oskar mRNA localization and cortical anchorage of germ plasm components in the Drosophila oocyte2021

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, T., Tani, N. and Nakamura, A.
    • Journal Title

      PLOS Biology

      Volume: 19 Issue: 4 Pages: e3001183-e3001183

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pbio.3001183

    • NAID

      120007034423

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Tyramine induces dynamic RNP granule remodeling and translation activation in the Drosophila brain2021

    • Author(s)
      Formicola, N., Heim, M., Dufourt, J., Lancelot, A.-S., Nakamura, A., Lagha, M. and Besse, F.
    • Journal Title

      eLIFE

      Volume: 10

    • DOI

      10.7554/elife.65742

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ショウジョウバエ生殖質の形成を促進する小タンパク質の分子生理機能2022

    • Author(s)
      中村 輝
    • Organizer
      大阪大学蛋白質研究所セミナー「生殖細胞・減数分裂研究の最前線」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The Drosophila PGC-1 homolog, Spargel, is required for germ granule assembly during oogenesis2021

    • Author(s)
      K. Hanyu-Nakamura, K. Aimi, T. Kurogi and A. Nakamura
    • Organizer
      第54回日本発生生物学会年会(オンライン開催)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Tpp, a novel nuage component, facilitates posterior localization of Aubergine during Drosophila oogenesis2021

    • Author(s)
      H. Kina and A. Nakamura
    • Organizer
      第22回日本RNA学会年会(オンライン開催)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Tiny pole plasm (Tpp) facilitates the posterior localization of Aubergine during Drosophila germ plasm assembly2021

    • Author(s)
      H. Kina, H. Nakashima, T. Yoshitani, Y. Hayashi and A. Nakamura
    • Organizer
      Japan Drosophila Research Conference 14 (オンライン開催)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 発生医学研究所生殖発生分野ホームページ

    • URL

      http://www.imeg.kumamoto-u.ac.jp/bunya_top/germline_development/

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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