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Activation mechanism of memory B cell for protection against variant influenza virus infection

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21H02740
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 49060:Virology-related
Research InstitutionEhime University (2022-2023)
Osaka University (2021)

Principal Investigator

Shinnakasu Ryo  愛媛大学, 学術支援センター, 准教授 (00451758)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 井上 毅  大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任准教授(常勤) (80466838)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,990,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Keywords免疫記憶B細胞 / 変異インフルエンザウイルス / 胚中心 / インフルエンザ / 液性免疫 / B細胞 / 抗体 / 感染防御 / 免疫記憶
Outline of Research at the Start

インフルエンザ感染において、HAに対する抗体は、生体防御の観点から最も重要である。HAの中でもStem領域は変異が入りづらく、ゲノム変異起こった株でも構造が保存されている。そのため、変異ウイルスによるパンデミック感染のようなケースではStem特異的な抗体、その中でも特にメモリーB細胞由来の抗体が非常に重要な役割を果たす。
本研究課題では、新規に構築した先進的な実験モデルを用いて、メモリーB細胞を中心としたStem特異的B細胞の免疫応答の仕組み全般を理解し、基礎科学としてのみならず、免疫抗原デザインや効率的免疫誘導法確立の礎となる重要な知見を得ることを目的に研究を行う。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

HA stem specific memory B cells are important for the initial defense against influenza pandemics. In mice with a history of infection, we evaluated the cellular dynamics during immune induction by mutant virus strain and found that the cells that were mainly activated were derived from stem specific memory cells, and in particular, differentiation into plasma cells was induced from the wide range of repertoire in the primary memory cells and into GC cells was induced from some repertoires in the primary memory cells which are presumed with relatively low affinity. And also the results suggest a new induction of affinity maturation within secondary GCs. Regarding the factors that could influence the immune response, the amount of existing memory B cells and the presence of existing antibodies were found to be important.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまでの変異インフルエンザ防御機構に関する基礎的研究については、断片的な研究成果は存在していたものの、1) 変異ウイルス感染防御へのメモリーB細胞の重要性、2)メモリーB細胞の生成・維持および活性化されるメカニズム、という根源的課題にアプローチする研究は実験系構築の難しさから進んでこなかった。申請者はこの問題を解決するため、新規の実験モデルやマウスモデルを独自に構築し本課題にとりかかった。プロジェクト自体は未完で継続中ではあるが、これまでに得られ知見および今後の研究結果から得られる知見は、今後のパンデミック発生に対する予防・治療法開発において生かされていくことが期待できる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] CD62L expression marks SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell subset with preference for neutralizing epitopes2023

    • Author(s)
      Onodera T, Sax N, Sato T, Adachi Y, Kotaki R, Inoue T, Shinnakasu R, Nakagawa T, Fukushi S, Terooatea T, Yoshikawa M, Tonouchi K, Nagakura T, Moriyama S, Matsumura T, Isogawa M, Terahara K, Takano T, Sun L, Nishiyama A, Omoto S, Shinkai M, Kurosaki T, Yamashita K, Takahashi Y.
    • Journal Title

      Science Advances

      Volume: 9 Issue: 24

    • DOI

      10.1126/sciadv.adf0661

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Antibody feedback contributes to facilitating the development of Omicron-reactive memory B cells in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinees2023

    • Author(s)
      Inoue T, Shinnakasu R, Kawai C, Yamamoto H, Sakakibara S, Ono C, Itoh Y, Terooatea T, Yamashita K, Okamoto T, Hashii N, Ishii-Watabe A, Butler NS, Matsuura Y, Matsumoto H, Otsuka S, Hiraoka K, Teshima T, Murakami M, Kurosaki T.
    • Journal Title

      J Exp Med.

      Volume: 220(2) Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1084/jem.20221786

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Generation of High Quality Memory B Cells2022

    • Author(s)
      Inoue Takeshi、Shinnakasu Ryo、Kurosaki Tomohiro
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Immunology

      Volume: 12 Pages: 825813-825813

    • DOI

      10.3389/fimmu.2021.825813

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Identification of conserved SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes that expand public cTfh clonotypes in mild COVID-19 patients2021

    • Author(s)
      Lu X, Hosono Y, Nagae M, Ishizuka S, Ishikawa E, Motooka D, Ozaki Y, Sax N, Maeda Y, Kato Y, Morita T, Shinnakasu R, Inoue T, Onodera T, Matsumura T, Shinkai M, Sato T, Nakamura S, Mori S, Kanda T, Nakayama EE, Shioda T, Kurosaki T, Takeda K, Kumanogoh A, Arase H, Nakagami H, Yamashita K, Takahashi Y, Yamasaki S.
    • Journal Title

      J Exp Med.

      Volume: 218 Issue: 12

    • DOI

      10.1084/jem.20211327

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Glycan engineering of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain elicits cross-neutralizing antibodies for SARS-related viruses2021

    • Author(s)
      Shinnakasu Ryo、Sakakibara Shuhei、Yamamoto Hiromi、Wang Po-hung、Moriyama Saya、Sax Nicolas、Ono Chikako、Yamanaka Atsushi、Adachi Yu、Onodera Taishi、Sato Takashi、Shinkai Masaharu、Suzuki Ryosuke、Matsuura Yoshiharu、Hashii Noritaka、Takahashi Yoshimasa、Inoue Takeshi、Yamashita Kazuo、Kurosaki Tomohiro
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Experimental Medicine

      Volume: 218 Issue: 12

    • DOI

      10.1084/jem.20211003

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] CD62L expression marks SARS-CoV-2 memory B-cell subset with preference for neutralizing epitopes2023

    • Author(s)
      Taishi Onodera, Yu Adachi, Ryutaro Kotaki, Takeshi Inoue, Ryo Shinnakasu, Saya Moriyama, Takayuki Matsumura, Masanori Isogawa, Masaharu Shinkai, Tomohiro Kurosaki, Kazuo Yamashita, Yoshimasa Takahashi
    • Organizer
      2023年度 第52回 免疫学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Single-cell transcriptome and repertoire analysis of antigen specific B cells in phase 1/2 priming and booster study of COVID-19 vaccine S-268019-b2023

    • Author(s)
      Masaya Fujitani, Ryo Shinnakasu, Yujiro Kidani, Naomi Seki, Satoru Ishida, Takuhiro Sonoyama, Mari Ariyasu, Shinya Omoto, Tomohiro Kurosaki
    • Organizer
      2023年度 第52回 免疫学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Glycan engineering of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain elicits cross-neutralizing antibodies for SARS-related viruses2021

    • Author(s)
      Ryo Shinnakasu, Shuhei Sakakibara, Tomohiro Kurosaki
    • Organizer
      第50回日本免疫学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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