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Identification of the Neural Basis of Human Taste by Interregional Brain Activity Estimation and Ultra-High-Field MRI

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21H02806
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 51020:Cognitive and brain science-related
Research InstitutionAraya Inc. (Research & Development Department) (2022-2023)
National Institute for Physiological Sciences (2021)

Principal Investigator

Chikazoe Junichi  株式会社アラヤ(研究開発部), 研究開発部, チームリーダー (40456108)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥14,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,240,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥7,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,710,000)
Keywords機能的MRI / 味覚 / 超高磁場MRI / 基本味覚 / 脳機能計測 / 情報科学 / 脳機能画像 / 脳機能イメージング / 機械学習 / 技術開発 / 多ボクセルパターン解析 / 島皮質
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究においては、ヒト味覚の神経基盤の機能構造の解明を目的として、撮像技術と解析技術の開発を進める。ネズミのカルシウムイメージング研究の結果では、島皮質における味覚マップの存在が示唆されているのに対し、ヒトの機能的MRI研究では、味覚マップの存在を支持するような結果は得られていない。島皮質の解剖学的・機能的特徴を考慮して、最適な撮像手法と解析手法を開発し、ヒトとネズミの味覚神経基盤研究間で得られた結果の不一致が、計測、機能構造、種差のいずれに由来するものかを明らかにする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Brain activity of approximately 40 subjects was measured using ultra-high-field MRI during the presentation of five basic taste stimuli (sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and umami). The brain representations of these five basic tastes in the insular cortex were analyzed using univariate analysis, and no discriminative clusters were observed for each taste. We applied the method for eliminating secondary brain activity developed in the visual stimulation experiments to the taste data, analytically removing components that could be explained by brain activity in brain regions (occipital, temporal, parietal, frontal, etc.) except for the taste areas (insula and orbitofrontal cortex), to see if a taste map could be found, but no spatially completely separate taste map was found.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、五つの基本味覚に対する脳活動を超高磁場MRIで詳細に計測し、島皮質における味覚表象の解明を試みた点で学術的意義が高い。従来の単変量解析では味覚弁別クラスタが観察されなかったが、視覚刺激実験で開発した副次的脳活動除去法を適用することで、味覚野以外の脳領域の影響を排除した新たな解析アプローチを提示した。ネズミにおける報告と異なり、ヒトにおいては完全に分離した味覚マップは発見されなかったものの、この手法は味覚処理メカニズムの理解を深める可能性を示した。この結果は、ネズミとヒトで基本味覚の表象が異なるフォーマットで行われている可能性を示唆している。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 4 results)

  • [Journal Article] A clearing in the objectivity of aesthetics?2023

    • Author(s)
      Lee Daniel H.、Chikazoe Junichi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Neuroimaging

      Volume: 2 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.3389/fnimg.2023.1211801

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Cognitive Dynamics Estimation: A whole-brain spatial regression paradigm for extracting the temporal dynamics of cognitive processes2023

    • Author(s)
      Chikazoe Junichi、Koyama Yutaro、Yamamoto Tetsuya、Hirayama Jun-ichiro、Jimura Koji、Sadato Norihiro
    • Journal Title

      bioRxiv

      Volume: 10 Pages: 1-19

    • DOI

      10.21203/rs.3.rs-3146460/v1

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] On co-activation pattern analysis and non-stationarity of resting brain activity2022

    • Author(s)
      Matsui Teppei、Pham Trung Quang、Jimura Koji、Chikazoe Junichi
    • Journal Title

      NeuroImage

      Volume: 249 Pages: 118904-118904

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118904

    • NAID

      120007188354

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Counterfactual Explanation of Brain Activity Classifiers Using Image-To-Image Transfer by Generative Adversarial Network2022

    • Author(s)
      Matsui Teppei、Taki Masato、Pham Trung Quang、Chikazoe Junichi、Jimura Koji
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Neuroinformatics

      Volume: 15 Pages: 802938-802938

    • DOI

      10.3389/fninf.2021.802938

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Distillation of Regional Activity Reveals Hidden Content of Neural Information in Visual Processing2021

    • Author(s)
      Pham Trung Quang、Nishiyama Shota、Sadato Norihiro、Chikazoe Junichi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

      Volume: 15 Pages: 1-9

    • DOI

      10.3389/fnhum.2021.777464

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research

URL: 

Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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