• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

Predicting When Crime Will Occur: Building a Methodology for Timely Crime Prediction

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K14365
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 25010:Social systems engineering-related
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Ohyama Tomoya  東北大学, データ駆動科学・AI教育研究センター, 助教 (80893776)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Keywords安全・安心 / 犯罪予測 / 犯罪予防 / 時空間モデリング / 地理的クラスタリング / 異常検知 / 機械学習
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は,犯罪予測研究でこれまで扱われてこなかった犯罪の発生する季節,曜日,時間帯などを予測する手法の開発に取り組む.1.季節による効果,週の中の曜日による効果,祝日や大規模イベント開催日等の日付による効果,一日の中での朝・昼・夜・深夜等の時間帯ごとの効果といった様々な時間スケールで,時期固有の犯罪誘引効果を検討する.2.未検挙の犯罪企図者・集団が活動し続けることや犯罪予防のための活動による(時間固有の効果とは独立の)短期変動を検討する.3. 上記の2つの効果を統合し,立地環境からみて高リスクな地域における犯罪発生日・時間帯等を予測するモデルを構築する.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, I developed a method to accurately predict the timing of crimes, an aspect that has been neglected in existing research. Specifically, I aimed to predict the date of occurrence by integrating two factors: (1) the effects of time factors that can be identified in advance (special days, days of the week, weather, events, etc.), and (2) fluctuations due to the increased activity of motivated offenders. I evaluated the prediction performance of the proposed method in Osaka City (vehicle theft and parts theft) and Seoul City (outdoor violence and sex crimes). The results showed that the proposed method outperformed models that randomly select days and models using existing machine learning methods. Furthermore, the prediction performance was higher for sexual crimes than for simple violence, suggesting that the proposed method may be more effective for crimes committed with clear criminal intent.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

犯罪予測は,理論,データ,アプローチ含め,これまで地理的な側面(どこで起こるか)に力点がおかれ,時間的な側面(いつ起こるか)に関しては相対的に関心が低く,予測性能は限定的であった.そのため,犯罪が起こる地域・場所はわかっても,時期がずれて防げないという事態が生じていた.本研究は,こうした問題を解決するために犯罪発生の時間的要素を詳細化し,曜日等の予め把握可能な要因と,犯罪時系列データさえあれば,ある程度の精度で予測が可能であることを示した点で意義がある.また,低頻度な犯罪は発生時期まで予測するのが困難であるが,本研究では予め地域を地理的にグルーピングして予測するアプローチの有効性も示した.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Police Science Institute(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A Time-Focused Approach to Crime Prediction: An Analysis in Seoul.2024

    • Author(s)
      Tomoya Ohyama, Ilgon Kim, and Jang Kwangho
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research (ICBIR)

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Estimating Time-Variant Variables’ Effects on a Micro Scale for Time-Based Crime Prediction2022

    • Author(s)
      Tomoya Ohyama
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research

      Volume: 7 Pages: 143-148

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Investigating crime harm index in the low and downward crime contexts: A spatio-temporal analysis of the Japanese Crime Harm Index2022

    • Author(s)
      Tomoya Ohyama, Kazunori Hanyu, Masayuki Tani, Momoka Nakae
    • Journal Title

      Cities

      Volume: 130 Pages: 103922-103922

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cities.2022.103922

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] When Does Crime Occur? : A Time-Focused Approach to Crime Prediction.2023

    • Author(s)
      大山智也,金一坤
    • Organizer
      American Society of Criminology
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 犯罪発生時期はどこまで予測できるか―時空間的犯罪予測の試み―2023

    • Author(s)
      大山智也,金一坤
    • Organizer
      地理情報システム学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 市民の認知する犯罪危害の地理的分析:47都道府県パネルデータを用いた検討2022

    • Author(s)
      大山智也・羽生和紀・谷真如・中江百花
    • Organizer
      第31回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Estimating Time-Variant Variables' Effects on a Micro Scale for Time-Based Crime Prediction2022

    • Author(s)
      Tomoya Ohyama
    • Organizer
      2022 7th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research (ICBIR)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

URL: 

Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi