| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this fiscal year, the aim is carried out to examine neuronal circuits of glutamatergic neurons in the pigeon brain. VGluT2, a marker gene for glutamatergic neurons, is expressed in the auditory ganglion and three types of glutamatergic receptor (AMPA, kainate, NMDA) are also expressed. The cochlear nucleus expresses three glutamatergic receptor subunits as well. These findings suggest that neurons in the auditory ganglion are glutamatergic. VGluT3 is expressed in the raphe nucleus of the brain and amacrine cells of the retina in the pigeon. Together with these results, it appears that vGluT2 and vGluT3 exist in the nervous system of birds.
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