| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the term "physical education" of Pestalozzi, two concepts were recognized. The one was the education aiming at cultivating of the physical(organism), the other one was the education by means of the cultivating of the body, namely through the physical (medium), for the cultivation of the mental (intellectual and moral) site. Thus the term "physical education" was not only cultivation of physical powers, maintenance and improvement of the health, but also the educational means to cultivate the intelligence and the morality in learner's mind, and becoming the motive force which introduce the intellectual and moral activity into practice, so that it was positioned as an indispensable category in Pestalozzi's pedagogy.
In the Herbart pedagogy, although the concept "education of the physical (organism)" in Pertalozzi is denied, but the concept "education through the physical (medium) for the mental site" is positioned as an indispensable thing on educational completion.
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