| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study focused on the discourses about examinations in elementary schools of early Meiji Era (1872-1900) and clarified the view of education and children’s ability through an analysis of the discourses.
The main results are as follows: 1) Prizes for the good performances in examinations intended to encourage not only children but also teachers and other educators, aiming at improvement in environment and quality of education. 2) In this period, many statements on abuses in examinations pointed out that those abuses arose from wrong methods of education and examinations.
Thus, the discourses on examinations in early Meiji Era did not presuppose differences in ability of children. The success or failure in school education was regarded as an issue that highly depends on the capability of teachers.
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