Analyses of Mechanisms in Early Gametogenesis

• Project/Area Number: 25251034
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Morphology/Structure
• Research Institution: National Institute for Basic Biology
• Principal Investigator: TANAKA Minoru 基礎生物学研究所, 生殖遺伝学研究室, 准教授 (80202175)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): SAKAI Noriyoshi 国立遺伝学研究所, 小型魚類開発研究室, 准教授 (50202081)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
• Budget Amount: ¥46,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,710,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥15,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,690,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥15,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,690,000); Fiscal Year 2013: ¥14,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,330,000)
• Keywords: gametogenesis / medaka / zebrafish / meiosis / sex determination / 生殖細胞 / メダカ / ゼブラフィッシュ / 減数分裂 / 性決定 / シスト分裂 / 培養系 / foxl3 / 培養 / 配偶子形成 / 減数分裂コミット / 生殖細胞シスト分裂 / 小型魚類 / 幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

For the first time in vertebrates, we have identified a switch gene for sexual fate decision in germ cells using medaka. We are also revealing the intracellular locations in the germ cells where the mechanisms regulating sexual fate decision, commitment to meiosis and cystic devision, are functioning in early gametogenesis in zebrafish. Our results suggest that RNA processing is deeply involved in these mechanisms.
Our studies have successfully developed culturing system of testis and ovary where spermatogenesis is completely recapitulated and early oogenesis proceeds. Our development of transplantation system also allows generation of spermatogenesis subcateneously.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Universaity of Heidelburg(Germany)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Curie Insitut(France)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Academina Sinica(Taiwan)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Heidelberg(Germany)
• [Journal Article] A structurally and functionally common unit in testes and ovaries of medaka (Oryzias latipes), a teleost fish. (2016)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T. Nakamura, S. and Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: Sexual Development Volume: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The Mechanism of Germline Sex Determination in Vertebrates (2016)
  • Author(s): Toshiya Nishimura and Minoru Tanaka
  • Journal Title: Biology of Reproduction Volume: in press Issue: 1 Pages: 1-6
  • DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.138271
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells to functional sperm in culture. (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawasaki, T., Siegfried, K. R., Sakai, N.
  • Journal Title: Development Volume: 143 Pages: 566-574
  • DOI: 10.1242/dev.129643
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] foxl3 is a germ cell-intrinsic factor involved in sperm-egg fate decision in medaka. (2015)
  • Author(s): Nishimura T, Sato T, Yamamoto Y, Watakabe I, Ohkawa Y, Suyama M, Kobayashi S, Tanaka M.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 349 Issue: 6245 Pages: 328-331
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa2657
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Analysis of a novel gene, Sdgc, reveals sex chromosome-dependent differences of medaka germ cells prior to gonad formation. (2014)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T., Herpin, A., Kimura, T., Hara, I., Kawasaki, T., Nakamura, S., Yamamoto, Y., Saito, T.L., Yoshimura, J., Morishita, S., Tsukahara, T., Kobayashi, S., Naruse, K., Shigenobu, S., Sakai, N., Schartl, M. and Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: Development Volume: 141 Issue: 17 Pages: 3363-3369
  • DOI: 10.1242/dev.106864
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] A neural mechanism underlying mating preferences for familiar individuals in medaka fish. (2014)
  • Author(s): Okuyama T, Yokoi S, Abe H, Isoe Y, Suehiro Y, Imada H, Tanaka M, Kawasaki T, Yuba S, Taniguchi Y, Kamei Y, Okubo K, Shimada A, Naruse K, Takeda H, Oka Y, Kubo T, Takeuchi H
  • Journal Title: Science (New York, N.Y.) Volume: 343 Issue: 6166 Pages: 91-94
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.1244724
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Gonadal Development in Fish (2014)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T. and Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: Sexual Development Volume: 8 Issue: 5 Pages: 252-261
  • DOI: 10.1159/000364924
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Divergent expression regulation of gonad development genes in medaka shows incomplete conservation of the downstream regulatory network of vertebrate sex determination. (2013)
  • Author(s): Herpin. A., Adolfi, M.C., Nicol, B., Hinzmann, M., Schmidt, C., Klughammer, J., Engel, M., Tanaka, M., Guiguen, Y. and Schartl, M.
  • Journal Title: Mol. Biol. Evol. Volume: 30 Issue: 10 Pages: 2328-2346
  • DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mst130
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Forward to the Special Issue on Sex Determination. (Special Issue of Sex Determination, edited by Capel and Tanaka) (2013)
  • Author(s): Capel, B. and Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: Developmental Dynamics Volume: 242 Issue: 4 Pages: 303-306
  • DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23937
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] ATF6α/β-mediated adjustment of ER chaperone levels is essential for development of the notochord in medaka fish. (2013)
  • Author(s): Ishikawa T, Okada T, Ishikawa-Fujiwara T, Todo T, Kamei Y, Shigenobu S, Tanaka M, Saito TL, Yoshimura J, Morishita S, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Taniguchi Y, Takeda S, Mori K.
  • Journal Title: Mol Biol Cell Volume: 24(9) Issue: 9 Pages: 1387-1395
  • DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-11-0830
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] ATF6a/b-mediated adjustment of ER chaperone levels is essential for development of the notochord in medaka fish. (2013)
  • Author(s): Ishikawa, T., Okada, T., Ishikawa-Fujisawa, T., Todo, T., Kamei, Y., Shigenobu, S., Tanaka, M., Saito, T.L., Yoshimura, J., Morishita, S., Toyoda, A., Sakaki, Y., Taniguchi, Y., Takeda, S. and Mori, K.
  • Journal Title: Mol. Biol. Cell. Volume: 24 Issue: 1 Pages: 1387-1395
  • DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22348
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Vertebrate female germline - the acquisition of femaleness (Invited Review) (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: WIREs Developmental Biology Volume: on line Issue: 3 Pages: 231-238
  • DOI: 10.1002/wdev.131
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Steroid hormone and the development of reproductive organs. (Invited Review) (2013)
  • Author(s): Morohashi, K., Baba,T. and Tanaka, M.
  • Journal Title: Sexual Development Volume: 7 Issue: 1-3 Pages: 61-79
  • DOI: 10.1159/000342272
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 性決定分化と性転換の制御機構 (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Journal Title: 細胞工学 Volume: 32 Pages: 172-177
• [Journal Article] 性決定分化の制御システム「基礎の基礎」 (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実、諸橋憲一郎（監修）
  • Journal Title: 細胞工学 Volume: 32 Pages: 146-150
• [Journal Article] 目で見る生殖幹細胞 (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Journal Title: Hormone Frontier in Gynocology Volume: 20 Pages: 112-118
• [Presentation] 未定 (2016)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: 第６１回日本生殖医学会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜（神奈川）
  • Year and Date: 2016-11-03
  • Invited
• [Presentation] An Intrinsic Mechanism of Sexual Fate Decision in Germ Cells (2016)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: 8th international symposium of fish endocrinology
  • Place of Presentation: Gothenburg (Sweden)
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-28
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Sex of Germline Stem Cells (2016)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: 3rd Macau Symposium on Biomedical Sciences 2016
  • Place of Presentation: the University of Macau (China)
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-23
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 「生殖細胞の性の研究」から見えてきたこと; 卵巣中でも機能的精子は作られる - (2016)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: 第３０回 生殖・発生毒性学東京セミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 国立オリンピック記念青少年総合センター（渋谷区 東京）
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-04
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Reproduction : from medaka (O.latipes) to Paiche (Arapaima gigas) (2016)
  • Author(s): Carranza, H. and Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: BMK meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka
  • Year and Date: 2016-01-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Role of RA-signalling in spermatogonial differentiation in medaka. (2016)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi, M. and Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: BMK meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka
  • Year and Date: 2016-01-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 「生殖細胞と体細胞の性が異なると,,, 」 (2015)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: 第７回泌尿器抗加齢医学研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 梅田スカイビル （大阪市 大阪府）
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-13
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 栄養制限によるメダカ性分化への影響 (2015)
  • Author(s): 栄雄大、西村俊哉、田中実
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会中部支部大会
  • Place of Presentation: 三重大学 （津市 三重県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-28
• [Presentation] Eggs or Sperm ; How is the fate of germ cells is determined. (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: The 5th International Symposium of Oryzias Fish
  • Place of Presentation: MahaSarakham (Thailand)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-12
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] New Roles of Germ Cells - Sex Determination and Fecundity (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: COS-Lecture
  • Place of Presentation: University of Heidelberg, (Germany)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-26
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Germ Stem Cells and Sex Differentiation in Vertebrates (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: 6th course developmental biology
  • Place of Presentation: Institute Curie, Paris (France)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-12
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 「性と生殖; 生殖細胞の性決定」 (2015)
  • Author(s): 田中実、北野潤
  • Organizer: 第８６回日本動物学会大会シンポジウム （主催）
  • Place of Presentation: 朱鷺メッセ（新潟市 新潟県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-17
• [Presentation] ゼブラフィッシュ精子形成全過程をカバーする細胞培養系の確立 (2015)
  • Author(s): 酒井則良
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会第86回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 朱鷺メッセ（新潟市 新潟県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-17
  • Invited
• [Presentation] ゼブラフィッシュ胚および稚魚の個体移植法の確立とその応用 (2015)
  • Author(s): 河崎敏広、酒井則良
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会第86回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 朱鷺メッセ（新潟市 新潟県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-17
• [Presentation] 減数分裂異常を示すENU-inducedゼブラフィッシュ変異体itsの解析 (2015)
  • Author(s): 竹本一政、斉藤憲二、酒井則良
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会第86回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 朱鷺メッセ（新潟市 新潟県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-17
• [Presentation] Germ Cells and Sex Determination (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: The 1831st Biological Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: 国立遺伝学研究所（三島市 静岡県）
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-28
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 「遺伝子ノックダウン法による生体機能解析」 (2015)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: ファイザー講演会（日本小児内分泌学会主催）
  • Place of Presentation: アキバホール（千代田区 東京）
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-11
  • Invited
• [Presentation] A Picture of Sex Determination (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: The 48th SSR Meeting (全米生殖学会)
  • Place of Presentation: Puerto Rico (USA)
  • Year and Date: 2015-06-18
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells to functional sperm in culture. (2015)
  • Author(s): Sakai, N., Kawasaki, T.
  • Organizer: The 48th SSR Meeting (全米生殖学会)
  • Place of Presentation: Puerto Rico (USA)
  • Year and Date: 2015-06-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Germline Sex Determination in Medaka (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru Tanaka
  • Organizer: The 7th International Symposium of Vertebrate Sex Determination
  • Place of Presentation: Kona (USA)
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-13
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Mechanism of Sex Differentiation in Fish (2015)
  • Author(s): Minoru TANAKA
  • Organizer: INRA symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Rennes (France)
  • Year and Date: 2015-02-08
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Nutritional Restriction Causes Sex Reversal in Medaka (2014)
  • Author(s): Minoru TANAKA
  • Organizer: The 4th International Symposium of Oryzias Fish
  • Place of Presentation: Makassar (Indonesia)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-04
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 「性と生殖 － 繁殖システム多様化の遺伝・生理機構」 (2014)
  • Author(s): 田中実、北野潤
  • Organizer: 第８５回日本動物学会大会シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学（仙台市、宮城県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-11
  • Invited
• [Presentation] メダカ生殖腺におけるp450c17 発現細胞の発生と性差 (2014)
  • Author(s): 菊地真理子、西村俊也、中村修平、田中実
  • Organizer: 第８５回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学（仙台市、宮城県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-11
• [Presentation] 精子を介して次世代へ伝わるDNAメチル化情報 (2014)
  • Author(s): 山本耕裕、斎藤大介、西村俊哉、小林久人、須山幹太、田中実
  • Organizer: 第８５回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学（仙台市、宮城県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-11
• [Presentation] メダカ性分化における栄養制限の影響 (2014)
  • Author(s): 栄雄大、西村俊哉、山本耕裕、田中実
  • Organizer: 第８５回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大（仙台市、宮城県）
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-11
• [Presentation] Identification of the gene for germline sex determination in medaka. (2014)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T., Sato, T., Yamamoto, Y., Watakabe, I., Ohkawa, Y., Suyama, M. and Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: World Congress of Reproductive Biology.
  • Place of Presentation: Edinburgh (UK)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-02
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] In vitro differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells to functional sperm in zebrafish. (2014)
  • Author(s): Sakai, N., Kawasaki, T.
  • Organizer: World Congress of Reproductive Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Edinburgh (UK)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-02
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Maintenance and amplification of testicular tumors by subcutaneous grafting in zebrafish. (2014)
  • Author(s): Kawasaki, T., Sakai, N.
  • Organizer: World Congress of Reproductive Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Edinburgh (UK)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-02
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] メダカ性分化時における、栄養制限下での生殖細胞の挙動 （口頭発表 (2014)
  • Author(s): 栄雄大、田中実
  • Organizer: 発生と代謝の研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 基礎生物学研究所（愛知県）
• [Presentation] Nutritional Restriction Causes Sex Reversal in Medaka (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: The 4th International Symposium of Oryzias Fish
  • Place of Presentation: Hasanuddin University （Indonesia）
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Germ Cells and Sex Determination (2013)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: The 46th SSR Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal (Canada)
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Isolation of sycp1 mutant zebrafish by a N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screen (Poster) (2013)
  • Author(s): Sakai, N., Saito, K., Sakai, C., Kawasaki, T. and Siegfried, KR.
  • Organizer: The 46th SSR Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal (Canada)
• [Presentation] Cell Autonomous Sex Characters of Medaka Germ Cells (Poster) (2013)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T., Nakamura, S., Yamamoto, Y., Shigenobu, S., Kobayashi, S., Herpin, A., Schartl, M., Kawasaki, T., Sakai, N. and Tanaka, M.
  • Organizer: The 46th SSR Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal (Canada)
• [Presentation] 性と生殖 － 魚類における性的二型の進化機構 － シンポジウム（主催） (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実、北野潤
  • Organizer: 第８４回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山大学 (岡山)
• [Presentation] ゼブラフィッシュ精原幹細胞培養系を用いた遺伝子改変動物作製法の開発 (2013)
  • Author(s): 河崎敏広、酒井則良
  • Organizer: 第８４回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山大学 (岡山)
• [Presentation] Forward Genetics Approachによる精子形成制御因子の解析 (2013)
  • Author(s): 酒井則良
  • Organizer: 第８４回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山大学 (岡山)
• [Presentation] 生殖細胞が関与する魚類生殖腺性分化機構 （企画委員会主催シンポジウム） (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: 第３８回日本比較内分泌学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 宮崎市民プラザ（宮崎県）
  • Invited
• [Presentation] メダカ生殖細胞数とエストロジェンが性分化に及ぼす影響の検証 （ポスター） (2013)
  • Author(s): 栄雄大、西村俊也、山本耕裕、田中実
  • Organizer: 第３８回日本比較内分泌学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 宮崎市民プラザ（宮崎県）
• [Presentation] 性決定遺伝子以外の機構によってメダカ生殖細胞が示す性差について (口頭発表) (2013)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Organizer: 第８４回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山大学 (岡山)
• [Presentation] トランスジェニックメダカを用いたメダカ精巣形成解析 (口頭発表) (2013)
  • Author(s): 菊地真理子、西村俊也、中村修平、田中実
  • Organizer: 第８４回日本動物学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 岡山大学 (岡山)
• [Book] 「発生生物学(Developmental Biology)第10版」性決定の章 (2015)
  • Author(s): 田中実 (翻訳)
  • Publisher: メディカル・サイエンス・インターナショナル
• [Book] New Principles in Developmental Processes (eds: Kondoh, H. and Kuroiwa, A.) (2014)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, M.
  • Publisher: Springer Japan
• [Book] 雑誌「科学」特集「愛と性の科学」―「性が変わる能力」 (2014)
  • Author(s): 田中実
  • Publisher: 岩波書店
• [Book] 遺伝子が語る生命38億年の謎（国立遺伝学研究所編） 「生殖系幹細胞の謎」 (2014)
  • Author(s): 酒井則良
  • Publisher: 悠書館
• [Book] Function of Germ Cells in Sex Differentiation In Sexual Plasticity and Gametogenesis in Fishes (2013)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, T. and Tanaka, M.
  • Total Pages: 456
  • Publisher: Nova Biomedical
• [Book] 「遺伝子図鑑」 動物の生殖細胞と体細胞(第２章－６) 受精（第３章－３） (2013)
  • Author(s): 酒井則良
  • Total Pages: 263
  • Publisher: 悠書館
• [Remarks] 基礎生物学研究所 生殖遺伝学研究室
• [Remarks] 国立遺伝学研究所 小型魚類開発研究室
  • URL: https://www.nig.ac.jp/labs/FishDev/index.html
• [Remarks] 基礎生物学研究所 生殖遺伝学研究室
  • URL: http://www.nibb.ac.jp/reprogenetics/
• [Remarks] 国立遺伝学研究所 小型魚類開発室
  • URL: https://www.nig.ac.jp/labs/FishDev/
• [Remarks] 基礎生物学研究所 生殖遺伝学研究室 （田中研究室）
  • URL: http://www.nibb.ac.jp/reprogenetics/
• [Remarks] 国立遺伝学研究所 小型魚類開発研究室 （酒井研究室）
  • URL: http://www.nig.ac.jp/labs/FishDev/
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 魚体内での他家組織の継代維持法 (2014)
  • Inventor(s): 酒井則良、河崎敏広
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 大学共同利用機関法人・情報システム研究機構
  • Industrial Property Rights Type: 特許
  • Industrial Property Number: 2014-163587
  • Filing Date: 2014-08-11
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 類の生殖細胞の性決定方法、性判別方法、被検物質の性分化の攪乱作用の評価方法、雌雄同体の作製方法、早期成熟個体の作製方法、生殖細胞、魚類個体、配偶子、及び培養細胞 (2014)
  • Inventor(s): 田中実 西村俊哉
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 自然科学研究機構
  • Industrial Property Rights Type: 特許
  • Industrial Property Number: 2014-241331
  • Filing Date: 2014-11-28
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 魚類の生殖細胞の性決定方法、性判別方法、被検物質の性分化の攪乱作用の評価方法、生殖細胞、魚類個体、配偶子、及び培養細胞 (2013)
  • Inventor(s): 自然科学研究機構
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 自然科学研究機構
  • Industrial Property Rights Type: 特許
  • Industrial Property Number: 2013-248269
  • Filing Date: 2013-11-29