The inference of the speaker's intentions in communication: a study of typical and atypical development
Publicly Offered Research
| Project Area | Studies of Language Evolution for Co-creative Human Communication |
|---|
| Project/Area Number |
18H05060
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Research Institution | Kyoto University (2019, 2021)
The University of Tokyo (2018) |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2020-03-31
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | 意図推論 / 語用論 / 定量化 / 非定型発達 |
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In human communication, the same signal can convey different meanings depending on the context. This type of communication is achieved by the inference of intention, based on the assumption that the speaker chooses a word rationally and cooperatively while taking account of the context. This study was conducted using a probabilistic model based on this assumption. The results suggest that: 1) Autistic individuals who are described as having low tendencies to consider the context in communication also infer the speaker's intended meaning based on the aforementioned assumption. 2) The context-dependent style of human communication possibly contributes to communicative efficiency via the use of ostensive cues with words that are semantically ambiguous in themselves.
|
| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
文脈依存的コミュニケーション様式は、ヒトにとって普遍的であるだけではなく、生物としてのヒトの本質である協力性と推論能力に根差したものであることが示唆された。この様式は、時空間や文化・言語的慣習などを共有している顔見知り同士による対面状況を前提に収斂した結果であると考えられる。一方、近代的コミュニケーションは、必ずしも対面ではない場面で行われ、また、文脈を共有していない状況で匿名で行われることも多い。そのため、齟齬や軋轢、分断などが生じやすい。ヒトの未来のコミュニケーションを考える上では、文脈が補填され、協力的性質が引き出されるような場や技術を創出することが重要となってくることが示唆される。
|
Report
(3 results)
Research Products
(7 results)
