1991 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Chromosomal Technology for Breeding of Yeasts
| Project/Area Number |
01480065
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
発酵・醸造
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| Research Institution | Fukuyama University |
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Principal Investigator |
FUKUI Sakuzou Univ. of Fukuyama, Dept. Biotech., Prof., 工学部, 教授 (60013299)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MATSUZAKI Hiroaki Univ. of Fukuyama, Dept. Biotech., Res. Assoc., 工学部, 助手 (90222299)
HATANO Takushi Univ. of Fukuyama, Dept. Biotech., Assoc. Prof., 工学部, 助教授 (60198752)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1989 – 1991
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| Keywords | inter-chromosomal recombination / electro-cell-fusion / centromere / artificial chromosome / site-specific recombination |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Induction of inter-chromosomal recombination by electro-cell-fusion
Occurrence of inter-chromosomal recombination during asexual electro-cell fusion between Saccharomyces cerevisiae(staﾟ)and S. diastaticus(STA1)was discovered by Southern-analysis using the three component-fragments of STA1 as probe. In some electro-fusants, STA1 gene locating on chromosome IV in the wild-type cell was recovered in chromosome DC instead of the original chromosome. In all strains of PEG-fusants, however, the inter-chromosomal recombination was never found. These phenomenon suggest that the technology of electro-cell fusion is one of the aggressive procedure for breeding of yeasts in chromosomal lebel.
2. Cloning and base-sequencing of centromeres in Saccharomyc s byanus
5 different-kinds of centromere were isolated from S. bayanus which has 14 chromosomes(determined in this research)indicating low homology in base sequence, less than 5%, to that of genomic DNA of S. cerevisiae. From analyses on physiological function and base sequence, the isolated centromeres was concluded to be useful as CEN in artificial chromosome in yeasts of wide host-range.
3. Procedure for chromosome improvement
A site-specific recombination sequence in a plasmid(pSRI), which was discovered in the yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, was prepared as a tool for chromosome improvement in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
4. Others
Carboxymethylcellulose-fermenting S. cerevisiae was bred by induction of genes for both CMCase and cellobiase.
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