1994 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Basic study of optic nerve regeneration by transplantation for clinical application
| Project/Area Number |
05304040
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Ophthalmology
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
FUKUDA Yutaka Osaka University, Med.Sch.Prof., 医学部, 教授 (90028598)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HORIE Hidenori Yokohama City Univ.Med.Sch.Lec., 医学部, 講師 (80046135)
TAKAHASHI Hiroshi Univ.Occu.Env.Health, Assoc.Prof., 助教授 (00129511)
WAKAKURA Masato Kitasato Univ.Med.Sch.Assoc.Prof., 医学部, 助教授 (50137931)
SAITO Takehiko Univ. of Tsukuba Biol.Sci.Prof., 生物科学系, 教授 (20081630)
TAMAI Makoto Tohoku Univ.Med Sch.Prof., 医学部, 教授 (90004720)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1993 – 1994
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| Keywords | Retina / Optic nerve / Transplantation / Regeneration / Cell differentiation / Amino acid receptor / Retinal pigment epithelium / Trophic factor |
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| Research Abstract |
1. New observations in non-mammalian retina
Saito revealed the sequence of apperance of retinal neurons during retinal regeneration from the pibment epithelium in the newt by histochemical and electrophysiological studies. Araki suggested a genetic program in the transdifferentiation of retinal neurons from pigment epithelial cells based on observations in a quail mutant.
2. Trophic factors for the promotion of retinal regeneration
Horie cultured retinal explants of new-born mice and adult rats in collagen gel and revealed that hepatocyte conditioned media enhanced process formation from the retinal tissue. Wakakura studied intracellular Ca^<2+> responses to glutamate in rabbit Muller cells and suggested a protective role of Muller cells against retinal injury.
3. Axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells after peripheral nerve transplantation
Watanabe revealed that alpha-type ganglion cells of the cat retina have the highest ability in axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve graft. Tauchi showed gap junctions in degenerating or regenerating ganglion cells of the rat retina. Fukuda characterized the receptive field properties of regenerated ganglion cells of the cat retina by recording single unit activities from transplanted nerve graft. Sasaki demonstrated that visual discrimination could be retrieved by transplantation in hamsters with damaged visual pathway.
4. Regeneration of human retina
Tamai developed an animal model of damaged retinal pigment epithelium in which effective surgical procedures were tested to restore the damaged retinal tissue. Takahashi succeeded in culturing human retinal ganglion cells in the presence of Muller cells.
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