1994 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

鞭毛・繊毛運動の発現と制御の分子機構

Research Project

Project/Area Number	06304006
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	神谷律東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	野口宗憲富山大学, 理学部, 助教授 (30019004) 馬場昭次お茶の水女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (80011691) 能村堆子お茶の水女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (30022578) 高橋景一国際基督教大学, 教養学部, 教授 (40011481) 毛利秀雄放送大学, 教養学部, 副学長 (70012268)
Keywords	鞭毛 / ダイニン / カルシウム / リン酸化 / 運動調節
Research Abstract	本年度は,鞭毛・繊毛運動機構で最も重要である蛋白質複合体ダイニンの構造と機能に関して,多方面の知見を得た.まず,多種のダイニン外腕を電子顕微鏡で解析し,例外なく原生動物では3頭,後生生物では2頭構造を持つことを見いだした(毛利).ダイニンを欠失したクラミドモナス変異株4種の運動を様々な粘度下で解析し,内腕,外腕の機能に差があることを示した(神谷).さらに,外腕に含まれる2つの中間鎖の遺伝子の全塩基配列を決定し,中間鎖は生物種を超えて保存されていることを明らかにした(小川).またダイニンと微小管の相互作用をナノメートル以下の空間分解能と10マイクロ秒の時間分解能で追跡する装置を新たに作製した(上村).さらに,遺伝子工学の手法により単頭のキネシンを作製し,それが運動能を有することを見いだした(豊島).鞭毛・繊毛運動の調節現象に関しても多くの知見を得た.ある種の魚類精子の運動が,細胞内K+イオンの濃度によって制御されていることを発見した(森沢).また,ウニ幼生の繊毛の運動パターンが神経伝達物質によって制御されている現象を解析した(馬場).さらに、鞭毛・繊毛運動の調節機構の基礎として、Ca^<2+>により微小管滑り速度が変化することを示した(高橋,真行寺,能村).そのようなCa^<2+>による調節機構において,2種類の蛋白質の燐酸化反応が重要であることがわかった(野口).同様に,哺乳類精子の鞭毛運動が雌生殖器内で活性化される際に,蛋白質燐酸化反応が関与することを見いだした(奥野).また、鞭毛打の調節に関わっていると考えられるATPと相互作用する110kDの蛋白質を発見した(中村).以上の結果は,いずれも鞭毛運動の発生と制御機構の理解に重要であると考えられる.

Research Products
(15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

[Publications] Yagi,T.: "Nanometer-scale vibration in mutant axonemes of Chlamydomonas." Cell Motil.Cytoskeleton. 29,. 177-185 (1994)
[Publications] Takada,S.: "Functional reconstitution of Chlamydomonas outer dynein arms from α-β and γ subunits:requirement of a third factor." J.Cell Biol.126. 37-745 (1994)
[Publications] Muto,E.: "Immunological detection of actin in the 14S ciliary dynein of Tetrahymena." FFBS Lett.343. 173-176 (1994)
[Publications] M.Yoshida: "Calcium and cyclic AMP mediate sperm activation,but Ca alone contributes sperm chemotaxis in the ascidian,Clons savignyl" Develop,Growth & Differ.36. 589-595 (1994)
[Publications] Z.X.Jin: "Monoclonal antibodles against the protein complex that contains the flagellar movement-initiating phosphoprotein of Oncorhynchus keta" J.Biochem. 115. 885-890 (1994)
[Publications] M.Morisawa: "Cell signalling mechanisms for sperm motility" Zooi.Sci.11. 647-662 (1994)
[Publications] Z.X.Jin: "Isolation and properties of a protein complex that contains flagellar movement-initiating phosphoprotein from testes of a white salmon" J.Biochem.115. 552-556 (1994)
[Publications] Shimizu,T.: "Characterization of the motile and enzymatic properties of two minus-end directed microtubule motors,cytoplasmic dynein and ncd." Biochemistry. (in press). (1995)
[Publications] Mimori,Y.: "Extrusion of rotating microtubules on the dynein-track from a microtubule-dynein γ-complex" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.30. 17-25 (1995)
[Publications] Mimori,Y.: "ATP-induced sliding of microtubules on tracks of 22S dynein molecules aligned with the same polarity" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.27. 180-191 (1994)
[Publications] Y.Si: "The extrusion of 5-6 outer doublet microtubules associating with fibrous sheath sliding in mouse sperm flagella" J.Exp.Zool.(in press). (1995)
[Publications] F.Aoki: "Analysis of flagellar bending in hyperactivated hamster and mouse spermatozoa" J.Reprod.& Fertil.101. 397-403 (1994)
[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Effect of beat frequency on the velocity of microtubule sliding in reactivated sea urchin sperm flagella under imposed head vibration." J.Exp.Biol.198(in press). (1995)
[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Cyclic bending movements induced locally by successive iontophoretic application of ATP to an elastase-treated flagellar axoneme." J.Cell Sci.108(in press). (1995)
[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Flagellar quiescence response in sea urchin sperm induced by electric stimulation." Cell Motil.Cytoskel.(in press). (1995)

1994 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

鞭毛・繊毛運動の発現と制御の分子機構

Principal Investigator

神谷 律 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)

Research Products

[Publications] Yagi,T.: "Nanometer-scale vibration in mutant axonemes of Chlamydomonas." Cell Motil.Cytoskeleton. 29,. 177-185 (1994)

[Publications] Takada,S.: "Functional reconstitution of Chlamydomonas outer dynein arms from α-β and γ subunits:requirement of a third factor." J.Cell Biol.126. 37-745 (1994)

[Publications] Muto,E.: "Immunological detection of actin in the 14S ciliary dynein of Tetrahymena." FFBS Lett.343. 173-176 (1994)

[Publications] M.Yoshida: "Calcium and cyclic AMP mediate sperm activation,but Ca alone contributes sperm chemotaxis in the ascidian,Clons savignyl" Develop,Growth & Differ.36. 589-595 (1994)

[Publications] Z.X.Jin: "Monoclonal antibodles against the protein complex that contains the flagellar movement-initiating phosphoprotein of Oncorhynchus keta" J.Biochem. 115. 885-890 (1994)

[Publications] M.Morisawa: "Cell signalling mechanisms for sperm motility" Zooi.Sci.11. 647-662 (1994)

[Publications] Z.X.Jin: "Isolation and properties of a protein complex that contains flagellar movement-initiating phosphoprotein from testes of a white salmon" J.Biochem.115. 552-556 (1994)

[Publications] Shimizu,T.: "Characterization of the motile and enzymatic properties of two minus-end directed microtubule motors,cytoplasmic dynein and ncd." Biochemistry. (in press). (1995)

[Publications] Mimori,Y.: "Extrusion of rotating microtubules on the dynein-track from a microtubule-dynein γ-complex" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.30. 17-25 (1995)

[Publications] Mimori,Y.: "ATP-induced sliding of microtubules on tracks of 22S dynein molecules aligned with the same polarity" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.27. 180-191 (1994)

[Publications] Y.Si: "The extrusion of 5-6 outer doublet microtubules associating with fibrous sheath sliding in mouse sperm flagella" J.Exp.Zool.(in press). (1995)

[Publications] F.Aoki: "Analysis of flagellar bending in hyperactivated hamster and mouse spermatozoa" J.Reprod.& Fertil.101. 397-403 (1994)

[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Effect of beat frequency on the velocity of microtubule sliding in reactivated sea urchin sperm flagella under imposed head vibration." J.Exp.Biol.198(in press). (1995)

[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Cyclic bending movements induced locally by successive iontophoretic application of ATP to an elastase-treated flagellar axoneme." J.Cell Sci.108(in press). (1995)

[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Flagellar quiescence response in sea urchin sperm induced by electric stimulation." Cell Motil.Cytoskel.(in press). (1995)

神谷律東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)