1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

鞭毛・繊毛運動の発現と制御の分子機構

Research Project

Project/Area Number	06304006
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	神谷律東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	野口宗憲富山大学, 理学部, 助教授 (30019004) 馬場昭次お茶の水女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (80011691) 能村堆子お茶の水女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (30022578) 高橋景一国際基督教大学, 教養学部, 教授 (40011481) 毛利秀雄岡崎国立共同研究機構, 基礎生物学研究所, 所長 (70012268)
Keywords	鞭毛 / 繊毛 / ダイニン / チューブリン / カルシウム / 滑り運動 / 燐酸化 / 精子
Research Abstract	鞭毛・繊毛運動の原動力を発生しているダイニン内腕・外腕の構造とその微小管との相互作用に関して以下の成果を得た.まず,多種の生物のダイニン外腕の電子顕微鏡解析を進め,原生動物と後生生物のダイニンの構造の違いを確かめた(毛利).ダイニン内腕の一部を欠失している変異株中にアクチンに変異を持つものを見いだし,アクチンとダイニンの機能に関連があることを示した(神谷).さらに,外腕に含まれる2つの中間鎖の配列を決定し,それらが蛋白質間相互作用を担う特徴的配列を持つことを見いした(小川).ダイニン-微小管の相互作用がチューブリンの部分配列相当のペプチドで阻害されることを見いだした(上村).また,ダイニンと相互作用を行うチューブリンは特定のアイソタイプのものであることが判明した(中村).さらに,微小管の滑り運動がダイニンへのADPの結合によって活性化されることを見いだした(能村).また,遺伝子工学の手法により単頭のキネシンを作製し,それが双頭のキネシンと同程度の力を発生できることを見いだした(豊島).鞭毛・繊毛運動の調節現象に関しても多くの知見を得た.ある種の魚類精子の運動が,細胞内カリウムイオンの濃度によって制御されていることを発見した(森沢).また,ウニ幼生の繊毛の運動の揺らぎが軸糸内蛋白質の燐酸化で変化する現象を解析した(馬場).さらに、鞭毛・繊毛運動の調節機構の基礎として、カルシウムイオンにより微小管滑り速度が変化することを見いだした(高橋,真行寺).そのようなカルシウムによる調節機構において,2種類の蛋白質の燐酸化反応が重要であることがわかった(野口).同様に,哺乳類精子の鞭毛運動が雌生殖器内で活性化される際に,特定の微小管の滑り運動が活性化されることがわかった(奥野).以上の結果は,いずれも鞭毛運動の発生と制御機構の理解に重要である.

Research Products
(24 results)

All Other

All Publications (24 results)

[Publications] Minoura, I.: "Strikingly different propulsive forces generated by different dynein deficient chlamydomonas mutants in viscous media" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 31. 130-139 (1995)
[Publications] Yagi, T.: "Novel mode of hyper-ocillation in the paralyzed axoneme of a Chlamdomonas mutant lacking the centralpair microtubules" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 31. 207-214 (1995)
[Publications] Ogawa, K.: "Interspecies conservation of outer arm dynein intermediac chain sequences defines two intermediate chain subclasses" Molec. Biol. Cell. 6. 685-696 (1995)
[Publications] Kamiya, R.: "Exploring the function of inner and outer dynen arms with Chlamydomonas mutants" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 32. 98-102 (1995)
[Publications] Nakamura, S.: "Assembly and function of Chlamydomonas flagellar mastigonemes as probed with a monclonal antibody" J. Cell Sei.109. 57-62 (1996)
[Publications] Omoto, C. K.: "Abillty of paralyzed flagella mutants of Chlamydomonas to move" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. (印刷中).
[Publications] Sugase, Y.: "Cloning and characterization of the actin-encoding gene of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii" Gene. (印刷中).
[Publications] Shigyoji, C.: "Effect of beat frequency on the velocity of microtubule sliding in reactivated sea urchin sperm flagella under imposed head vibration." J. Exp. Biol.198. 645-653 (1995)
[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Cyclic bending movements induced locally by successive iontophoretic application of ATP to an elastase-treated flagellar sxoneme." J. Cell Sci.108. 1359-1369 (1995)
[Publications] Shingyoji, C.: "Flagellar quiescence response in sea urchin sperm induced by electric stimulation" Cell Motil. Cytoskel.31. 59-65 (1995)
[Publications] Takahashi, K.: "Mechanisms of flagellar motility probed with microtechniques" Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 32. 110-113 (1995)
[Publications] Shimuzu, T.: "Comparison of the motilie and enzymatic properties of two microtubule minus-end motors, ncd and cytoplasmic dynein" Biochemistry. 34. 1575-1582 (1995)
[Publications] Nakamura, K.: "Proteolysis of tubulin isotypes within Tetrahymena axonemes" Biol. Chem. Hoppe Seyler. 372. 729-732 (1995)
[Publications] Takaya, C.: "Comparison of axonemal proteins from two kinds of Tetrahymena" Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 112B. 727-732 (1995)
[Publications] Wada, Y.: "Effects of neurotransmitters on cillary beating of sea urchin plutei" Physiol. Zool.68. S48 (1995)
[Publications] Mohri, H.: "Outer arm dynein of sperm flagella and cilla in the animal kingdom" Memoires du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle. 166. 15-22 (1995)
[Publications] Minamikaw, S.: "Acquistion, initiation and maintenance of sperm motility in the shark, Triakis scyllia" Comp. Biochem. Physiol.(印刷中).
[Publications] Oda. S.: "Sperm-activating proteins from unfertilized eggs of the Pacific herring, Clupea Pallasii" Develop. Growth & Differ.37. 257-261 (1995)
[Publications] Takai, H.: "Change in intracellular K^+ concentration caused by external osmolality chage regulates sperm motility of marine and freshwater teleosts" J. Cell. Sci.108. 1175-1181 (1995)
[Publications] Togo, T.: "Existence of theree mechanisms for blocking polyspermy in oocytes of the mussel Mytilus edulis" Biol. Bull.189. 330-339 (1995)
[Publications] Inaba, K.: "Identification of tubulins associated with the 950 kDa protease from salmon sperm" Biomed. Res.(印刷中).
[Publications] Kinoshita, S.: "Regulatory role of nucleotides in axonemal function" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 32. 46-54 (1995)
[Publications] Si, Y.: "Activation of mammalian sperm motility by regulation of microtubule sliding via cyclic adenosine 5'- monophosphate-dependent phosphrylation" Biol. Reprod.53. 1081-1087 (1995)
[Publications] Si, Y.: "Extrusion of microtubule doublet outer dense fibers 5-6 associating with fibrous sheath sliding in mouse sperm flagella" J. Exp. Zool.273. 355-362 (1995)

1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

鞭毛・繊毛運動の発現と制御の分子機構

Principal Investigator

神谷 律 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)

Research Products

[Publications] Minoura, I.: "Strikingly different propulsive forces generated by different dynein deficient chlamydomonas mutants in viscous media" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 31. 130-139 (1995)

[Publications] Yagi, T.: "Novel mode of hyper-ocillation in the paralyzed axoneme of a Chlamdomonas mutant lacking the centralpair microtubules" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 31. 207-214 (1995)

[Publications] Ogawa, K.: "Interspecies conservation of outer arm dynein intermediac chain sequences defines two intermediate chain subclasses" Molec. Biol. Cell. 6. 685-696 (1995)

[Publications] Kamiya, R.: "Exploring the function of inner and outer dynen arms with Chlamydomonas mutants" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 32. 98-102 (1995)

[Publications] Nakamura, S.: "Assembly and function of Chlamydomonas flagellar mastigonemes as probed with a monclonal antibody" J. Cell Sei.109. 57-62 (1996)

[Publications] Omoto, C. K.: "Abillty of paralyzed flagella mutants of Chlamydomonas to move" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. (印刷中).

[Publications] Sugase, Y.: "Cloning and characterization of the actin-encoding gene of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii" Gene. (印刷中).

[Publications] Shigyoji, C.: "Effect of beat frequency on the velocity of microtubule sliding in reactivated sea urchin sperm flagella under imposed head vibration." J. Exp. Biol.198. 645-653 (1995)

[Publications] Shingyoji,C.: "Cyclic bending movements induced locally by successive iontophoretic application of ATP to an elastase-treated flagellar sxoneme." J. Cell Sci.108. 1359-1369 (1995)

[Publications] Shingyoji, C.: "Flagellar quiescence response in sea urchin sperm induced by electric stimulation" Cell Motil. Cytoskel.31. 59-65 (1995)

[Publications] Takahashi, K.: "Mechanisms of flagellar motility probed with microtechniques" Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 32. 110-113 (1995)

[Publications] Shimuzu, T.: "Comparison of the motilie and enzymatic properties of two microtubule minus-end motors, ncd and cytoplasmic dynein" Biochemistry. 34. 1575-1582 (1995)

[Publications] Nakamura, K.: "Proteolysis of tubulin isotypes within Tetrahymena axonemes" Biol. Chem. Hoppe Seyler. 372. 729-732 (1995)

[Publications] Takaya, C.: "Comparison of axonemal proteins from two kinds of Tetrahymena" Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 112B. 727-732 (1995)

[Publications] Wada, Y.: "Effects of neurotransmitters on cillary beating of sea urchin plutei" Physiol. Zool.68. S48 (1995)

[Publications] Mohri, H.: "Outer arm dynein of sperm flagella and cilla in the animal kingdom" Memoires du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle. 166. 15-22 (1995)

[Publications] Minamikaw, S.: "Acquistion, initiation and maintenance of sperm motility in the shark, Triakis scyllia" Comp. Biochem. Physiol.(印刷中).

[Publications] Oda. S.: "Sperm-activating proteins from unfertilized eggs of the Pacific herring, Clupea Pallasii" Develop. Growth & Differ.37. 257-261 (1995)

[Publications] Takai, H.: "Change in intracellular K^+ concentration caused by external osmolality chage regulates sperm motility of marine and freshwater teleosts" J. Cell. Sci.108. 1175-1181 (1995)

[Publications] Togo, T.: "Existence of theree mechanisms for blocking polyspermy in oocytes of the mussel Mytilus edulis" Biol. Bull.189. 330-339 (1995)

[Publications] Inaba, K.: "Identification of tubulins associated with the 950 kDa protease from salmon sperm" Biomed. Res.(印刷中).

[Publications] Kinoshita, S.: "Regulatory role of nucleotides in axonemal function" Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 32. 46-54 (1995)

[Publications] Si, Y.: "Activation of mammalian sperm motility by regulation of microtubule sliding via cyclic adenosine 5'- monophosphate-dependent phosphrylation" Biol. Reprod.53. 1081-1087 (1995)

[Publications] Si, Y.: "Extrusion of microtubule doublet outer dense fibers 5-6 associating with fibrous sheath sliding in mouse sperm flagella" J. Exp. Zool.273. 355-362 (1995)

神谷律東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10124314)