| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
WU Huixia Tongji Med.Univ., Dept.of Environ, Microbioly., Associate Professor, 助教授
PONGSUWANNA Yaowapa NIH,Thailand, Enteric Virus Laboratory, Chief, 室長
KOBAUYASHI Nobumichi Sapporo Med.Univ., Dept.of Hygiene, Assistant Professor, 医学部, 講師 (80186759)
URASAWA Tomoko Sapporo Med.Univ., Dept.of Nursing, Professor, 保健医療学部, 教授 (90045378)
TANIGUCHI Koki Sapporo Med.Univ., Dept.of Hygiene, Associate Professor, 医学部, 助教授 (40094213)
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| Research Abstract |
We collected fecal specimens from humans (mostly pediatric diarrhea cases) and animals in 4 Asian cuontries. With these specimens, screening of rotavirus (RV), antigenis characterization (by ELISA and PCR) of RVs detected, isolation of selected RV strains, and nucleotide sequence determination of genome segment of selected strains were carried out in order to elucidate the epidemiology of human rotavirus infections and the ecology and evolution of rotaviruses in human and mammals.
1.In Wuhan, China, 3050 diarrhea samples were collected between 1995 and 1997. Nine hundred thirty-six specimens (31%) positive for group ARV were subjected to further antigenic and genetic analysis mentioned above. While serotype G1 strains predominated throughout the study period, the serotype distribution of human RVs differed markedly from year to year. No G4 strain was detected. A few strains having antigenic properties unusual for human RV were examined for the nucleotide sequence of VP8 and NSP5 gene se
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gments. It was of note that the NSP5 sequence of two Chinese strain was more closely related to that of porcine than to human RVs.
2.In Muntinlupa, Philippines, 906 samples were collected from patients with diarrhea between 1995 and 1997. One hundred eighty-one samples (19.9%) were RV-positive. During the study period dominant serotype of RV changed rapidly from G1 to G2, then to G4 and lastly to G3. However, G12 strains, which had been reported to be prevalent only in Philippines at the end of 1987, were not detected in the present study. Besides these, one strain esch of group, C RV and picobirna virua was found.
3.In 560 fecal specimens collected from piglets in Thailand, 23 group A RVs, 1 group B RV,2 group C RVs and 2 picobirna birusres were detected. Fourteen (61%) of 23 group A RVs were serotype G10 which hitherto has not been found in porcine RVs.Comparative sequence analysis of VP4 and VP7 genes together with RNA-RNA hybridization showed that these G10 porcine strain were very closely related to G10 bovine RVs isoland previously in the same country, indicating strongly transmission of RV between cows and pigs. The serotype distribution of human RVs were also examined with 171 human RV-positive specimens collected in Bangkok.
4.Screening of animal rotavirus in Bangladesh with 590 porcine and 270 bovine fecal specimens as well as 50 specimens from other animals gave negative result except for the detection of 2 porcine and one bovine RVs. Human specimens were also collected from 840 diarrhea patients in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. One hundred twelve RV-positive specimens were examined for their serotypes. Detected serotypes were G1, G2 and G4 in order of frequency. Less
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