初期宇宙・銀河・物質の起源と進化

1995 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 07304026
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
• Principal Investigator: 梶野 敏貴 国立天文台, 理論天文学研究系, 助教授 (20169444)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 宮村 修 広島大学, 理学部, 教授 (80029511) ; 江尻 宏泰 大阪大学, 理学部, 教授 (80013374) ; 辻 隆 東京大学, 天文教育センター, 教授 (20011546) ; 野本 憲一 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (90110676) ; 佐藤 勝彦 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (00111914)
• Keywords: 初期宇宙 / ビッグバン元素合成 / 銀河の化学進化 / 星での爆発的元素合成 / 統一理論 / クォーク・ハドロン / クウェーサ- / 暗黒物質

Research Abstract

初年度はサブグループの自主性を重んじて研究を推進し、平成8年1月に総括を兼ねた総合討論研究会を開いた。(1)初期宇宙グループ:柳田は非標準モデルによる大統一理論の構築を試みた。金谷、宮村、鈴木,初田が独自に格子ゲージQCD計算を行ない、QCDが一次相転移の様相を呈することを証明した。梶野はこの結果をうけて現象論的有効理論を構築しQCD相転移が非一様ビッグ・バンモデルへ及ぼす影響を調べた。(2)銀河・銀河団グループ:吉井、有本、梶野は共同で銀河化学進化モデルを作り、物質の降着によっても古い星にプラトーが発現する可能性を指摘し、ビッグ・バン元素と区別する方法を提案した。高原は大赤方偏移QSOの吸収線に現れた重水素ラインがLyman-α cloudの乱流による可能性を指摘した。谷口は巨大ブラックホールとAGNの統一モデル構築を試み、家は深宇宙のQSO観測準備中である。(3)星グループ:野本、橋本が超新星での元素合成を詳細に研究し、新しいSN-Iaの寿命決定方法を提案した。大橋は「あすか」を用いて銀河団や超新星残骸からのX線観測を精力的に行っている。辻、安藤、定金は岡山宇宙観測所で巨星のLi観測を行い、引き続き矮星の観測を予定。観山は原始惑星系円盤における分子雲の化学組成を詳細に研究した。(4)原子核グループ:江尻がスピン応答を非バリオン暗黒物質の探索を行い、久保野、谷畑は爆発的元素合成で作られる短寿命核反応を実験室で測定した。土岐は相対論的平均場理論を用いて高密度状態での物質の状態方程式を作り、佐藤はこれを用いて超新星爆発の3D計算を行っている。

Research Products

• [Publications] T.Kajino: "Inhomogeneous Big-Bang Model,revived,and Evolution of the・・・" Nuclear Physics. A588. 339c-344c (1995)
• [Publications] Y.Yoshii: "Beryllium and Boron Abundances of Metal-deficient Halo Stars・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 447. 184-190 (1995)
• [Publications] G.J.Mathews: "Inhomogeneous primordial nucleosynthesis and new abundance・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 456. 98-105 (1996)
• [Publications] T.Moroi: "On the solution to the polonyi problem with o(10 TeV)・・・" Physics Letters. B342. 105 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Yanagida: "Naturally light Higgs doublets in the supersymmetric grand・・・" Physics Letters. B344. 211 (1995)
• [Publications] J.Hisano: "Lepton flavor violation in the supersymmetric standard・・・" Physics Letters. B357. 579 (1995)
• [Publications] K.Kanaya: "Critical exponents of a three dimensional O(4)spin model." Physical Review. D51. 2404-2410 (1995)
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaki: "Nature of the finite temperature transition in QCD with・・・" Nuclear Physics(Proc.Suppl.). B42. 499-501 (1995)
• [Publications] K.Kanaya: "Decoupling chiral transition in QCD on the lattice." Progress of Theoretical Physics,Suppl.120. 25-36 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Naito: "Monte Carlo simulation of diffusive particle acceleration・・・" Mon.Not.Royal Astron.Soc.275. 1077-1092 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Shimura: "On the spectral hardening factor of the X-ray emission・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 445. 780-788 (1995)
• [Publications] N.Arimoto: "The CO-to-H2 conversion factor in galaxies" Publications of the Astron.Society of Japan. 48(March). (1996)
• [Publications] T.Suzuki: "Polyakov loops and monopoles in QCD" Physics Letters. B347. 375-380 (1995)
• [Publications] S.Kitahara: "Monopoles and deconfinement transition in finite temperature・・・" Nuclear Physics(Proc.Suppl.). B42. 511-513 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Shiba: "Monopole action and consideration in SU(2)QCD" Physics Letters. B351. 519-527 (1995)
• [Publications] J.Makino: "Paralletized feedback shift register generation of・・・" Parallel Computing. 21. 1015-1028 (1995)
• [Publications] O.Miyamura: "Chiral symmetry breaking in gauge fields dominated by・・・" Physics Letters. B353. 91-95 (1995)
• [Publications] O.Miyamura: "Abelian dominance of chiral symmetry breaking" Nuclear Physics(Proc.Suppl.). B42. 538-540 (1995)
• [Publications] N.Arimoto: "In fresh views of elliptical galaxies" ASPCS(eds.A.Buzzoni,A.Renzini & A.Serrano). 86. 239-248 (1996)
• [Publications] M.Honma: "The molecular front in galaxies II:galactic-scale gas・・・" Astronomy and Astrophysics. 304. 1-10 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Handa: "Detection of a circumstellar gas around DM Tau;a Proto-・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 449. 894-899 (1995)
• [Publications] M.Saito: "Synthesis 12CO,13CO observations of a young star;500AU・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 453. 384-392 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Suzuki: "X-ray from SN1993J and structure of ejecta and circumstellar・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 455. 658-669 (1995)
• [Publications] K.Momnoto: "The evolution and explosion of massive binary stars and・・・" Physics Report. 256. 173-191 (1995)
• [Publications] F.-K.Thielemann: "Core collapse Supernovae and their ejecta" Astrophysical Journal. 459(March). (1996)
• [Publications] K.Arai: "Accretion disk models with hydrogen burning around a black・・・" Astronomy and Astrophysics. 302. 99-104 (1995)
• [Publications] M.Hashimoto: "Eqiulibrium structure of self-gravitating Keplarian disks" Astronomy and Astrophysics. 297. 135-140 (1995)
• [Publications] M Hashimoto: "Supernova nucleosynthesis in massive stars" Progress of Theoretical Physics22GD28:94. 663-736 (1995)
• [Publications] S.Sasaki: "Dual Ginzburg-Landau theory with QCD monopoles and dynamical・・・" Progress of Theoretical Physics. 94. 373-384 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Ichie: "QCD phase transition at finite temperature in the dual・・・" Physical Review. D52. 2944-2950 (1995)
• [Publications] K.Sumiyoshi: "Influence of the symmetry energy on the birth of neutron・・・" Astronomy and Astrophysics. 303. 475-482 (1995)
• [Publications] S.Kubono: "Structure of 24Al for the stellar reaction rate of・・・" Nuclear Physics. A588. 521-536 (1995)
• [Publications] V.Guimaraes: "Nuclear structure of 17Ne by the three-nucleon pickup・・・" Zietshrift for Physics. A353. 117-118 (1995)
• [Publications] A.Piechaczek: "Beta decay of 20Mg" Nuclear Physics. A584. 509-531 (1995)
• [Publications] I.Tanihata: "Nuclear structure studies from reaction induced by radioactive・・・" Progress of Particle and Nuclear Physics. 35. 505-573 (1995)
• [Publications] A.Ozawa: "Study of the beta-delayed neutron emission of 19C" Nuclear Physics. A592. 244-256 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Suzuki: "Neutron skin of Na isoropes studied via their interaction・・・" Physical Review Letters. 75. 3241-3244 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Ejiri: "Nuclear metrix elements for two-neutrino double beta-・・・" Journal of Physical Society of Japan. 65. 7-10 (1996)
• [Publications] K.Nagai: "Development of thin drift chamber for the double beta・・・" Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. A362. 261-272 (1995)
• [Publications] M.Iye: "Instrumentation plan for JNLT" Scienfific & Engineering Frontiers for 8-10 m Telescopes,(eds.M.Iye and T.Nishimura). 67-76 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Sugai: "A Statistical search for correlations of rotational・・・" Mon.Not.Royal Astron.Soc.276. 327-335 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Mouri: "The H2 excitation by formation pumping in the merging・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 449. 134-139 (1995)
• [Publications] T.Tsuji: "Dust formation in stellar photospheres:a case of very・・・" Astronomy and Astrophysics. 305. L1-L4 (1996)
• [Publications] Y.Takeda: "Profile analysis of He I 6678 in Beta Orions:rotation・・・" Publications of Astron.Society of Japan. 47. 307-316 (1995)
• [Publications] K.Sadakane: "Type Ia Supernova SN 1995D in NGC 2962:optical V,R,・・・" Publications of Astron.Society of Japan. 48. 51-57 (1996)
• [Publications] M.Chiba: "A technique for determining the extragalactic distance scale・・・" Astrophysical Journal. 442. 82 (1995)
• [Publications] Y.Yoshii: "Interpretation of faint galaxy number counts in K band." Astrophysical Journal. 444. 15 (1995)
• [Publications] H.Ejiri: "Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclei" World Scientific Publishing Company, 745 (1995)
• [Publications] 家正則: "天体撮影の最前線" 日本写真学会, 582 (1995)