1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Biochemical functions and metabolisms of D-amino acid
| Project/Area Number |
07308048
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Functional biochemistry
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| Research Institution | Kansai University (1996-1997)
Kyoto University (1995) |
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Principal Investigator |
SODA Kenji Kansai University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (30027023)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORIGUCHI Mitsuaki Oita University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (70026574)
MISONO Haruo Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (30027073)
MIURA Retsu Kumamoto University, Facukty of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (70093466)
IMANAKA Tadayuki Kyoto University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (30029219)
ICHIYAMA Arata Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (90025601)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995 – 1997
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| Keywords | D-amino acid / alanine racemase / D-aspartate / D-glutamate / D-amino acid oxidase / D-serine / amino acid dehydrogenase |
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| Research Abstract |
We aimed to clarify de novo synthesis of D-amino acids in higher plants and animals, distribution of D-amino acids in various tissues and organs, relationship between D-amino acids and peroxisome metabolism, dynamics of D-amino acids in D-amino acid oxidase-deficient mice, change in activities if D-amino acid synthesizing enzymes, relationship between the activities of these enzymes and distribution of D-amino acids, significance of D-amino acid components in lipopetides containing D-amino acids, mechanism of molecular recognition of D-amino acids by the enzymes participating in D-amino acid metabolism, methods of specific analysis of D-amino acids with the enzymes, mechanism of D-amino acid oxidase and D-aspartate oxidase. We obtained the following results. We have clarified the function of alanine racemase occurring in mitochondria of pea seedlings. Distribution of D-aspartate and D-glutamate in various tissues of mammals and birds was also clarified. The function of enzymes participating in the biosynthesis of D-aspartate in peptides was also studied. We demonstrated a route of biosynthesis of oxalic acid through thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid and thiazolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid in rats. Mechanisms of formation of D-amino acid components of peptides were also clarified. We also demonstrated biochemical mechanisms of urinary secretion of D-serine by D-amino acid oxidase-deficient mice. We designed and synthesized new peptides acting as biosurfactants based on structure-function relationship of arthrofactin. We studied enzymological properties and application of enzymes catalyzing dehydrogenation of D-threonine and D-phenylserine, hydrolysis of 5-substituted hydantoins and N-acyl D-amino acids. The tertiary structure of D-amino acid oxidase was clarified.
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