1996 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Molecular mechanism of force generation in muscle fibers
| Project/Area Number |
07308075
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 総合 |
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| Research Field |
神経・脳内生理学
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| Research Institution | Oita Medical University |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMADA Kazuhiro Oita Med.Univ., Prof., 医学部, 教授 (20053027)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KODAMA Takao Kyushu Institute of Technology, Prof., 情報工学部, 教授 (30034200)
YANAGIDA Toshio Osaka Univ.Prof., 基礎工学部, 教授 (30089883)
IINO Masamitsu Faculty of Medicine, Univ.Tokyo.Prof., 医学部, 教授 (50133939)
HOTTA Yoshiki Univ.Tokyo.Prof., 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (30010036)
SUGI Haruo Teikyo Univ., Sch.Med., Prof., 医学部, 教授 (20082076)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995 – 1996
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| Keywords | caged ATP / muscle fibers / fluorescent ATP analogue / myosin head / electron microscopy / crossbridges / X-ray diffraction / ryanodine receptors |
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| Research Abstract |
Since the introduction of caged ATP and caged calcium demembranated skinned muscle fibers have become more important preparation for elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction. Yamada studied a novel fluorescence signal from muscle fibers labeled by using a fluorescent nucleotide analog. Sugi studied the efficiency of chemo-mechanical energy conversion and showed how the efficiency was determined due to the load against which muscle should work. Hiratsuka developed a new fluorescent ATP analogue useful for studying the chemo-mechanical energy conversion. Arata spin-labeled the base part of the myosin head in muscle fibers and showed that they were randomly oriented even during contraction. Hotta produced several useful mutants of Drosophila flight muscles in which actin molecules were mutated. T.Wakabayashi used cryo electron microscopy and Katayama used quick-freeze deep-etch replica images by electron microscopy to directly observe force-generating crossbridges. Ishiwata studied the mechanism of sliding of single motor molecules by using optical tweezers. K.Wakabayashi, Yagi and Umazume studied time-resolved X-ray diffraction of contracting muscle fibers. Yanagida was able to directly observe single myosin molecules to bind and cleave ATP molecules and to produce force. Iino and Kurebayashi studied subtypes of ryanodine receptors in relation to the excitation-contraction coupling. Ohtsuki studied the role playd by troponin T associated with the mechanism of calcium regulation of the contractile system. Tawada and Kodama worked on theoretical as well as thermodynamical approach to the problem.
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