1996 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

行動の選択・決定と運動の戦略に関する神経機構の研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	08279106
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
Research Institution	Osaka University
Principal Investigator	木村實大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	水野昇京都大学, 医学部, 教授 (10025596) 柴崎浩京都大学, 医学部, 教授 (30037444) 川人光男 ATR, 人間情報通信研究所, 室長彦坂興秀順天堂大学, 医学部・第一生理学, 教授 (70120300) 丹治順東北大学, 医学部・第二生理学, 教授 (10001885)
Keywords	行動 / 運動 / 順序運動 / モデル / 運動学習 / 運動記憶 / PET,機能的MRI / 筋肉のかたさ
Research Abstract	丹治は前補足運動野に特徴的な活動を見出した。すなわち行おうとしていた運動の企画段階で、それを変更する時点に対応して、特異的に活動する細胞が顕著に見出した。柴崎は随伴陰性変動CNV課題を用いて正常者に行動選択を行わせた時の脳電位の頭皮上分布を検討した。刺激に基づいて行動決定をさせると前頭部寄りに大きな脳電位が出現することが解った。彦坂は、運動の学習と記憶の機序を調べるために、サルを用いて脳の局所の機能を遮断する実験を行った。その結果、運動順序をあたらしく学習し、それを手続きの記憶として獲得するために、大脳皮質の前補足運動野pre-SMAが重要な役割をもっているのに対し、その順序手続きの記憶を長期的に蓄え、利用するためには小脳(特に歯状核)が必要であることが示唆された。川人は、運動制御のためには脳の中に制御対象や外界の内部モデルをもつ必要があることを主張してきたが、本年度腕を対象に、運動中の腕のかたさを計る装置(平行リンク磁気浮上型マニピュランダム)を用いて、運動中の腕はやわらかいことを示すことに成功した。木村は、大脳基底核が順序運動の学習や記憶に関与する仕組みを明らかにするために、サルの一側の黒質線条体ドーパミン系を選択的に破壊することによって、順序運動の学習と記憶の能力にどのような影響を及ぼすかを調べた。その結果、黒質線条体ドーパミン系は、順序運動の学習と記憶想起の過程に強く関与することが明らかとなった。笠井は、頭の角速度と視線角速度の関係に個人差があるか、トレーニングによりVORゲインを低下させられるかを調べた結果、VORゲインの低下の仕方には個人差が明確にあることが明らかとなった。臼井は、視覚初期過程のメカニズムの解明のために、網膜神経細胞の2次元モデルの効率的なシミュレーション環境を実現した。

Research Products

(23 results)

All Other

All Publications (23 results)

[Publications] Gomi,H.and Kawamoto,M.: "Equilibrium-point control hypothesis examined by measured arm-stiffness during multi-joint movement." Science. 272. 117-120 (1996)
[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Sasaki K.,Miyauchi S.,Takino R.,Sasaki Y.and Puetz B.: "Activation of human presupplementary motor area in learning of sequential procedures:A functional MRI study." J.Neurophysiol.76. 617-621 (1996)
[Publications] Inase M & Tanji J.: "Overlapping Corticostriatal Projections from the Supplementary Motor area and the Primary Motor Cortex in the Macaque Monkey:An Anterograde Double Labeling Study." J.Comp,Neurol.373. 283-296 (1996)
[Publications] Kamiyama,Y.,Ogura,T and Usui,S.: "Ionic current model of the vertebrate photoreceptor." Vision Res.36. 4059-4068 (1996)
[Publications] Kaneko T,Saeki K,Lee T and Mizuno N.: "llmproved retrograde axonal transport and subsequent visualization of tetramethylrhodamine(TMR)-dextran amine by means of an acidic injection vehicle and antibodies against TMR" J.Neurosci.Meth.65. 157-165 (1996)
[Publications] Kaneko T and Mizuno N.: "Spiny stellate neurones in layer VI of the rat cerebral cortex." NeuroReport. 7. 2331-2335 (1996)
[Publications] Kimura M,Kato M,Shimazaki H,Watanabe and Matumoto N: "Neural information transferred from the putamen to the globus pallidus during learned movement in the monkey." J.Neurophysiol.76. 3771-3786 (1996)
[Publications] Matsuzaka Y & Tanji J.: "Changing directions of forthcoming arm movements:Neuronal activity in the presupplementary and supplementary motor area of monkey cerebral cortex." J.Neurophysiol.76. 2327-2342 (1996)
[Publications] Miyashita K.,Rand M.K.,Miyachi S.and Hikosaka O.: "Anticipatory saccades in sequential procedural learning in monkeys." J.Neurophysiol.76. 1361-1366 (1996)
[Publications] Mushiake H,Fujii N,Tanji J.: "Visually guded saccade versus eye-hand reach:contrasting neuronal activity in the cortical supplementary and frontal eyefields." J.Neurophysiol.76. 2187-2191 (1996)
[Publications] Sakai ST,Inase M,Tanji J.: "Comparison of cerebellothalamic and pallidothalamic projections in the monkey(macaca fuscata):a double anterograde labeling study." J.Comp.Neurol.368. 215-228 (1996)
[Publications] Shima K,Mushiake H,Saito N & Tanji J.: "Role for cells in the presupplement ary motor area in updating motor plans." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA.93. 8694-8698 (1996)
[Publications] Shima K,Hoshi E & Tanji J.: "Neuronal activity in the claustrum of the monkey during performance of multiple movements." J.Neurophysiol.75. 2115-2119 (1996)
[Publications] Tanji J,Mushiake H.: "Comparison of nunronal activity in the supplementary motor area and primary motor cortex." Cogn.Brain Res.3. 143-150 (1996)
[Publications] Tanji J,Shima K.: "Supplementary motor cortex in organization of movement." Eur.Neurol.36. 13-19 (1996)
[Publications] Tanji J.: "New concepts of the supplementary motor area." Curr.Opin.Neurobiol.6. 782-787 (1996)
[Publications] Usui,S.,Ishihara,A.,Kamiyama,Y.and Ishii,H.: "Ionic current model of bipolar cells in the lower vertebrate retina," Vision Res.36. 4069-4076 (1996)
[Publications] Usui,S.,Kamiyama,Y.,Ishii,H.and Ikeno,H.: "Reconstruction of retinal horizontal cell responses by the ionic current model," Vision Res.36. 711-1719 (1996)
[Publications] 五味裕章、川人光男.: "水平面における多関節運動中の人腕インピーダンスの計測." 計測自動制御学会論文誌. 32. 369-378 (1996)
[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Miyachi S.,Miyashita K.and Rand M.K.: "The Acquisition of Motor Behavior in Vertebrates" Bloedel J.R.,Ebner T.J.and Wise S.P.,Cambridge,MA:The MIT Press, 532 (1996)
[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Miyachi S.,Miyashita K.,Rand M.K and Karadi Z.: "Preception,Memory,and Emotion:Frontier in Neuroscience" Ono T.,McNaughton B.L.,Molotchnikoff S.,Rolls E.T.and Nishijo H.,Oxford,UK:Elsevier, 615 (1996)
[Publications] Matsumoto N,,Hanakawa T.,Maki S.and Kimura M: "THE BASAL GANGLIAV" Ohye C.,Kimura M.,JS McKenzie.Plenum press,New York, 519 (1996)
[Publications] Matsumoto N,,Hanakawa T.,Maki S.Kimura M: "Brain processes and memory" Ishikawa K.,McGaugh and Sakata H.Elsevier, 414 (1996)

1996 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

行動の選択・決定と運動の戦略に関する神経機構の研究

Principal Investigator

木村 實 大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)

Research Products

[Publications] Gomi,H.and Kawamoto,M.: "Equilibrium-point control hypothesis examined by measured arm-stiffness during multi-joint movement." Science. 272. 117-120 (1996)

[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Sasaki K.,Miyauchi S.,Takino R.,Sasaki Y.and Puetz B.: "Activation of human presupplementary motor area in learning of sequential procedures:A functional MRI study." J.Neurophysiol.76. 617-621 (1996)

[Publications] Inase M & Tanji J.: "Overlapping Corticostriatal Projections from the Supplementary Motor area and the Primary Motor Cortex in the Macaque Monkey:An Anterograde Double Labeling Study." J.Comp,Neurol.373. 283-296 (1996)

[Publications] Kamiyama,Y.,Ogura,T and Usui,S.: "Ionic current model of the vertebrate photoreceptor." Vision Res.36. 4059-4068 (1996)

[Publications] Kaneko T,Saeki K,Lee T and Mizuno N.: "llmproved retrograde axonal transport and subsequent visualization of tetramethylrhodamine(TMR)-dextran amine by means of an acidic injection vehicle and antibodies against TMR" J.Neurosci.Meth.65. 157-165 (1996)

[Publications] Kaneko T and Mizuno N.: "Spiny stellate neurones in layer VI of the rat cerebral cortex." NeuroReport. 7. 2331-2335 (1996)

[Publications] Kimura M,Kato M,Shimazaki H,Watanabe and Matumoto N: "Neural information transferred from the putamen to the globus pallidus during learned movement in the monkey." J.Neurophysiol.76. 3771-3786 (1996)

[Publications] Matsuzaka Y & Tanji J.: "Changing directions of forthcoming arm movements:Neuronal activity in the presupplementary and supplementary motor area of monkey cerebral cortex." J.Neurophysiol.76. 2327-2342 (1996)

[Publications] Miyashita K.,Rand M.K.,Miyachi S.and Hikosaka O.: "Anticipatory saccades in sequential procedural learning in monkeys." J.Neurophysiol.76. 1361-1366 (1996)

[Publications] Mushiake H,Fujii N,Tanji J.: "Visually guded saccade versus eye-hand reach:contrasting neuronal activity in the cortical supplementary and frontal eyefields." J.Neurophysiol.76. 2187-2191 (1996)

[Publications] Sakai ST,Inase M,Tanji J.: "Comparison of cerebellothalamic and pallidothalamic projections in the monkey(macaca fuscata):a double anterograde labeling study." J.Comp.Neurol.368. 215-228 (1996)

[Publications] Shima K,Mushiake H,Saito N & Tanji J.: "Role for cells in the presupplement ary motor area in updating motor plans." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA.93. 8694-8698 (1996)

[Publications] Shima K,Hoshi E & Tanji J.: "Neuronal activity in the claustrum of the monkey during performance of multiple movements." J.Neurophysiol.75. 2115-2119 (1996)

[Publications] Tanji J,Mushiake H.: "Comparison of nunronal activity in the supplementary motor area and primary motor cortex." Cogn.Brain Res.3. 143-150 (1996)

[Publications] Tanji J,Shima K.: "Supplementary motor cortex in organization of movement." Eur.Neurol.36. 13-19 (1996)

[Publications] Tanji J.: "New concepts of the supplementary motor area." Curr.Opin.Neurobiol.6. 782-787 (1996)

[Publications] Usui,S.,Ishihara,A.,Kamiyama,Y.and Ishii,H.: "Ionic current model of bipolar cells in the lower vertebrate retina," Vision Res.36. 4069-4076 (1996)

[Publications] Usui,S.,Kamiyama,Y.,Ishii,H.and Ikeno,H.: "Reconstruction of retinal horizontal cell responses by the ionic current model," Vision Res.36. 711-1719 (1996)

[Publications] 五味裕章、川人光男.: "水平面における多関節運動中の人腕インピーダンスの計測." 計測自動制御学会論文誌. 32. 369-378 (1996)

[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Miyachi S.,Miyashita K.and Rand M.K.: "The Acquisition of Motor Behavior in Vertebrates" Bloedel J.R.,Ebner T.J.and Wise S.P.,Cambridge,MA:The MIT Press, 532 (1996)

[Publications] Hikosaka O.,Miyachi S.,Miyashita K.,Rand M.K and Karadi Z.: "Preception,Memory,and Emotion:Frontier in Neuroscience" Ono T.,McNaughton B.L.,Molotchnikoff S.,Rolls E.T.and Nishijo H.,Oxford,UK:Elsevier, 615 (1996)

[Publications] Matsumoto N,,Hanakawa T.,Maki S.and Kimura M: "THE BASAL GANGLIAV" Ohye C.,Kimura M.,JS McKenzie.Plenum press,New York, 519 (1996)

[Publications] Matsumoto N,,Hanakawa T.,Maki S.Kimura M: "Brain processes and memory" Ishikawa K.,McGaugh and Sakata H.Elsevier, 414 (1996)

木村實大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)