1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

行動の選択・決定と運動の戦略に関する神経機構の研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number	08279106
Research Institution	Osaka University
Principal Investigator	木村實大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	水野昇京都大学, 医学部, 教授 (10025596) 柴崎浩京都大学, 医学部, 教授 (30037444) 川人光男 ATR人間情報通信研究所, 室長彦坂興秀順天堂大学, 医学部・第一生理学, 教授 (70120300) 丹治順東北大学, 医学部・第二生理学, 教授 (10001885)
Keywords	行動 / 運動 / 順序運動 / モデル / 手続き学習 / 運動学習 / 運動の記憶 / 機能的MRI
Research Abstract	木村は、黒質線条体ドーパミン系がどのタイプの受容体を介して、行動の学習に伴う線条体ニューロンの活動特性の変容とその維持に関与するかを調べた。その結果、主としてD2受容体を介する機序によって線条体のニューロンが行動の学習に伴って獲得した活動を表出させていることを明らかにした。丹治は、回す、押す、引くの順序運動課題をサルに行わせ、前補足運動野と補足運動野に特徴的な活動を見出した。それらの領野にmuscimolを注入して機能脱落させると、順序運動を記憶して行う課題で誤りが多くなり、実行することができなくなることを示した。柴崎は、パーキンソン病患者と正常被験者のトレッドミル歩行中の脳血流量を測定し、患者では大脳皮質の運動連合野に加えて、中脳、橋背側部の血流が低下していることを明らかにした。彦坂は、手続き運動学習と記憶の神経機構を調べるために、サルを用いて小脳核の機能を遮断する実験を行った。学習済みの順序運動を実行する時に誤りが増加した。人間を被験者として機能的MRIを使って運動順序の学習に関与する大脳部位を調べた結果、背外側前頭前野、前補足運動野、頭頂間溝領域が重要であることが示唆された。川人は、運動制御のためには小脳の中に制御対象や外界の内部モデルをもつ必要があることを主張してきたが、人間に手を用いた運動学習課題を行わせ、機能的MRIで脳の活動を調べると、小脳外側部が有意に活動することを示した。笠井は、眼球サッカード中の前庭動眼反射(VOR)の利得を測定した結果、VORの利得がサッカードの振幅の増加に伴って低下することを明らかにした。水野は、高次脳機能を担う大脳皮質の局所回路の機能を知るために、電気生理学的、神経生物学的な研究を行った。その結果、皮質内には、「視床→IV層→II/III層→V層→出力」と「視床→IV層→VI層→視床」という2つの回路が埋め込まれていることを示した。

Research Products
(24 results)

All Other

All Publications (24 results)

[Publications] Watanabe,K., Kimura,M: "Dopamine receptor-mediated mechanisms involved in the expression of learned activity of tonically active neurons in the primate striatum" J.Neurophysiol.(in press).
[Publications] Kimura,M. and Matsumoto,N.: "Neural activity in the basal ganglia : functional inplications." Adv.Neurol.74. 111-118 (1997)
[Publications] Kimura,M. and Matsumoto,N.: "Nigrostiratal dopaine system my contribute to behavioral learning through providing reinforcement signals to the striatum" Eur.Neurol.38. 11-17 (1997)
[Publications] Fukuyama,H., Ouchi,Y., Matsuzaki,S., Nagayama,Y., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Brain function activity during gain in normal subjects : a SPECT study" Neursci.Lett.288. 183-186 (1997)
[Publications] Honda,M., Nagamine,T., Fukuyama,H., Kimura,J., Yonekawa,Y., Shibasaki,H.: "Movement-related cortical potentials and regional cerebral blood flow changes in patients with stroke after motor recovery" J.Neurol.Sci.146. 117-126 (1997)
[Publications] Lai,C., Ikeda,A., Terada,K., Nagamine,T., Honda,M., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Event-related potentials associated with judgment : comparison of S1-and S2-choice conditions in a contingent negative variation" J.Clin.Neurophysiol.14. 394-405 (1997)
[Publications] Osu,R., Uno,Y., Koike,Y., Kawato,M.: "Possible explainations for trajectory curvature in multijoint arm movements" J.of Exp.Psychol.: HumanPerception and Performance. 23. 890-913 (1997)
[Publications] Miyachi,S., Hikosaka,O., Miyashita,K., Karadi,Z., and Rand,M.K.: "Differential roles of monkey striatum in learning of sequential hand movement" Exp.Brain Res.115. 1-5 (1997)
[Publications] Rand,M.K., Hikosaka,O., Miyachi,S., Lu,X., and Miyashita,K.: "Characteristics of a long-term procedural skill in the monkey" Exp.Brain Res.118. 293-297 (1998)
[Publications] Sasaki,K., Hikosaka,O., Miyauchi,S., Takino,R., Sasaki,Y., and Puetz,B.: "Transition of brain activation from frontal to parietal areas in visuo-motor sequence learning" J.Neurosci.(in press).
[Publications] Ogawa,T., and Fujita,M.: "Adaptive modifications of human postsaccadic pursuit eye movements induced by a step-ramp-ramp paradigm" Exp.Brain Res.116. 83-96 (1997)
[Publications] Fujii,N., Mushiake,H., and Tanji,J.: "Intracortical Microst imulation of bilateral frontal eye field" J.Neurphusiol.(in press). (1998)
[Publications] Xu,X., Fukuyama,H., Yazawa,S., Mima,T., Magata,Y., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Functional localization of pain pereprion in the human brain studied by PET" Neuroreport.8. 555-559 (1997)
[Publications] Yazawa,S., Shibasaki,H., Ikeda,A., Terada,K., Nagamibe,T., Honda,M.: "Cortical mechanism underlying externally cued gait initiation studied by contingent negative variation" Electroenceph.Cin.Neurophysiol.105. 390-397 (1997)
[Publications] Kawai,F., Kamiyama,Y., and Usui,S.: "Desensitization of the GABA receptor shifts the dynamic range of retinal horizontal cells due to light and dark adaptaion" Japanese J.of Physiol.47. 417-429 (1997)
[Publications] Lee,T., Kaneko,T., Shigemoto,R., Nomura,S., and Mizuno,N.: "Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat" J.of Comparative Neurol.388. 250-264 (1997)
[Publications] Lee,T., Kaneko,T., Taki,K., and Mizuno,N.: "Preprodynorphin-,preproenkephalin-,and preprotachykinin-expressing neurons in the rat neostriatum : and analysis by immunocytochemestry and retrograde tracing" The J.of Comparative Neurol.386. 229-244 (1997)
[Publications] Imamizu,H., Uno,Y., Kawato,M.: "Adaptive internal model of intrnsic kinematics involved in learning an aiming task" J.of Exp.Psychol.: Human Perception and Performance. (in press). (1997)
[Publications] Takada,M., Tokuno,H., Nambu,A., and Inase,M.: "Corticostriatal projections from the somatic motor areas of the frontal cortex in the macaque monkey : Segregation versus overlap of input zones from the primary motor cortex..." Exp.Brain Res.(in press).
[Publications] Wang,Y., and Kurata,K.: "Quantitative analyses of thalamic and cortical origins of neurons projecting to the rostral and caudal forelimb motor areas in the cerebral cortex of rats" Brain Res.(in press).
[Publications] Kawasaki,H., Morooka,T., Shimohama,S., Kimura,J., Hirano,T., Gotoh,Y., and Nishida,F.: "Activation and involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in glutamate-induced apoptosis in rat cerebellar granule cells" J.Biol.Chem.272. 18518-18521 (1997)
[Publications] Saito,Y., Isa,T.: "Erectrophysiological and morphological properties of neurons in the rat superior colliculus.I.Neurons in the intermediate and optic layers" J.of Neurophysiology. (in press). (1998)
[Publications] Nakamura,K.: "Neural processing of the subsecond time range in the temporal cortex" Neural Computation. 10. 567-595 (1998)
[Publications] Nambu,A., Tokuno,H., Inase,M., and Takada,M.: "Overlap of corticosubthalamic input zones from forelimb representations of the premotor cortex and the motor area in the macaque monkey" Neurosci.Lett. 239. 13-16 (1997)

1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

行動の選択・決定と運動の戦略に関する神経機構の研究

Principal Investigator

木村 實 大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)

Research Products

[Publications] Watanabe,K., Kimura,M: "Dopamine receptor-mediated mechanisms involved in the expression of learned activity of tonically active neurons in the primate striatum" J.Neurophysiol.(in press).

[Publications] Kimura,M. and Matsumoto,N.: "Neural activity in the basal ganglia : functional inplications." Adv.Neurol.74. 111-118 (1997)

[Publications] Kimura,M. and Matsumoto,N.: "Nigrostiratal dopaine system my contribute to behavioral learning through providing reinforcement signals to the striatum" Eur.Neurol.38. 11-17 (1997)

[Publications] Fukuyama,H., Ouchi,Y., Matsuzaki,S., Nagayama,Y., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Brain function activity during gain in normal subjects : a SPECT study" Neursci.Lett.288. 183-186 (1997)

[Publications] Honda,M., Nagamine,T., Fukuyama,H., Kimura,J., Yonekawa,Y., Shibasaki,H.: "Movement-related cortical potentials and regional cerebral blood flow changes in patients with stroke after motor recovery" J.Neurol.Sci.146. 117-126 (1997)

[Publications] Lai,C., Ikeda,A., Terada,K., Nagamine,T., Honda,M., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Event-related potentials associated with judgment : comparison of S1-and S2-choice conditions in a contingent negative variation" J.Clin.Neurophysiol.14. 394-405 (1997)

[Publications] Osu,R., Uno,Y., Koike,Y., Kawato,M.: "Possible explainations for trajectory curvature in multijoint arm movements" J.of Exp.Psychol.: HumanPerception and Performance. 23. 890-913 (1997)

[Publications] Miyachi,S., Hikosaka,O., Miyashita,K., Karadi,Z., and Rand,M.K.: "Differential roles of monkey striatum in learning of sequential hand movement" Exp.Brain Res.115. 1-5 (1997)

[Publications] Rand,M.K., Hikosaka,O., Miyachi,S., Lu,X., and Miyashita,K.: "Characteristics of a long-term procedural skill in the monkey" Exp.Brain Res.118. 293-297 (1998)

[Publications] Sasaki,K., Hikosaka,O., Miyauchi,S., Takino,R., Sasaki,Y., and Puetz,B.: "Transition of brain activation from frontal to parietal areas in visuo-motor sequence learning" J.Neurosci.(in press).

[Publications] Ogawa,T., and Fujita,M.: "Adaptive modifications of human postsaccadic pursuit eye movements induced by a step-ramp-ramp paradigm" Exp.Brain Res.116. 83-96 (1997)

[Publications] Fujii,N., Mushiake,H., and Tanji,J.: "Intracortical Microst imulation of bilateral frontal eye field" J.Neurphusiol.(in press). (1998)

[Publications] Xu,X., Fukuyama,H., Yazawa,S., Mima,T., Magata,Y., Shibasaki,H., et al.: "Functional localization of pain pereprion in the human brain studied by PET" Neuroreport.8. 555-559 (1997)

[Publications] Yazawa,S., Shibasaki,H., Ikeda,A., Terada,K., Nagamibe,T., Honda,M.: "Cortical mechanism underlying externally cued gait initiation studied by contingent negative variation" Electroenceph.Cin.Neurophysiol.105. 390-397 (1997)

[Publications] Kawai,F., Kamiyama,Y., and Usui,S.: "Desensitization of the GABA receptor shifts the dynamic range of retinal horizontal cells due to light and dark adaptaion" Japanese J.of Physiol.47. 417-429 (1997)

[Publications] Lee,T., Kaneko,T., Shigemoto,R., Nomura,S., and Mizuno,N.: "Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat" J.of Comparative Neurol.388. 250-264 (1997)

[Publications] Lee,T., Kaneko,T., Taki,K., and Mizuno,N.: "Preprodynorphin-,preproenkephalin-,and preprotachykinin-expressing neurons in the rat neostriatum : and analysis by immunocytochemestry and retrograde tracing" The J.of Comparative Neurol.386. 229-244 (1997)

[Publications] Imamizu,H., Uno,Y., Kawato,M.: "Adaptive internal model of intrnsic kinematics involved in learning an aiming task" J.of Exp.Psychol.: Human Perception and Performance. (in press). (1997)

[Publications] Takada,M., Tokuno,H., Nambu,A., and Inase,M.: "Corticostriatal projections from the somatic motor areas of the frontal cortex in the macaque monkey : Segregation versus overlap of input zones from the primary motor cortex..." Exp.Brain Res.(in press).

[Publications] Wang,Y., and Kurata,K.: "Quantitative analyses of thalamic and cortical origins of neurons projecting to the rostral and caudal forelimb motor areas in the cerebral cortex of rats" Brain Res.(in press).

[Publications] Kawasaki,H., Morooka,T., Shimohama,S., Kimura,J., Hirano,T., Gotoh,Y., and Nishida,F.: "Activation and involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in glutamate-induced apoptosis in rat cerebellar granule cells" J.Biol.Chem.272. 18518-18521 (1997)

[Publications] Saito,Y., Isa,T.: "Erectrophysiological and morphological properties of neurons in the rat superior colliculus.I.Neurons in the intermediate and optic layers" J.of Neurophysiology. (in press). (1998)

[Publications] Nakamura,K.: "Neural processing of the subsecond time range in the temporal cortex" Neural Computation. 10. 567-595 (1998)

[Publications] Nambu,A., Tokuno,H., Inase,M., and Takada,M.: "Overlap of corticosubthalamic input zones from forelimb representations of the premotor cortex and the motor area in the macaque monkey" Neurosci.Lett. 239. 13-16 (1997)

木村實大阪大学, 健康体育部, 教授 (40118451)