| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SEKINE Yasumasa University of Tsukuba, Institute of History & Anthropology, Associate Professor., 歴史・人類学系, 助教授 (40108197)
SOGA Tooru University of Hirosaki, Department of Humanities, Instructor., 人文学部, 助手 (00263062)
ICHIKAWA Mitsuo Kyoto University, Graduate School of Area Studies on Asia and Africa, Professor., 大学院・アジアアフリカ地域研究科, 教授 (50115789)
TERASIMA Hideaki University of Kobe-Gakuin, Department of Humanities, Professor, 人文学部, 教授 (10135098)
USIJIMA Iwao University of Tsukuba, Institute of History & Anthropology, Professor, 歴史・人類学系, 教授 (10091886)
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| Research Abstract |
The studies on this research project have been carried out by six scholars for three years from April, 1996, to March, 1998. The subject of dual economy in traditional societies are regarded as settled one for the most of economists and sociologists. The former deals with it within a framework of dual divisions of traditional and modem sections, and discusses how the monetary economy penetrates and erodes into traditional sector, the problem of acceptance and efficiency of investigation, the limited demand of consuming goods, and the effects of innovated techniques in such societies. The latter inquiries the fitness of traditional exchange system to the infiltrating capitalism. The both of them assume that the traditional sector should be internalized into the modern capitalism.
Anthropological studies of traditional societies, however, increasingly show us that traditional sector is complementary to modem sector, and yet that the former's conservative system selectively the latter's element. We tried to clarify the complex structure of indigenous ecological/economic activities from the comparative viewpoints. All of us emphasized more ethnographic materials than impractical propositions, for example global system and abstractive interpretation. Sato and Soga analyzed livestock transactions in the pastoral peoples, Rendille and Gabra, of northern Kenya, Ichikawa and Terashima hunter-gatherers, Pygmies, of African tropical rain forest, and Ushijima and Sekine analyzed cottage economy of Philippine and the interrelation of nationalism with state-centered development policy in India, respectively. All of our analysis discern that the dual economy is supported by the principle of coexistence with communal well-being against penetrating modern capitalism.
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