| Research Abstract |
We studied the influence on differing individuals of drug metabolic enzymes (Cytochrome P450, Glutathione S-transferase (GST), N-acetyltransferase (NAT)), which are found in environmental chemicals. Following are the results : 1) the discovery of new genetic polymorphisms ; 2) cancer-causing relevance ; 3) the value of biological monitoring of workers exposed to trichloroethylene.
1) We found a single amino acid substitution (Arg213His, Met223Val) in polymorphic human phenol-sulfating phenol sulfotransferase.
2) A case control study was carried out to examine the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of five genes, cigarette smoking and oral, gastric, colorectal and urothelial cancer. As a result, we found that GSTM1, NAT1 and NAT2 genetic polymorphisms are heredity factors in the occurrence of urothelial cancer, and GSTM1, P1 genetic polymorphisms have a significant relationship to oral cancer. In addition, to investigate the relationship between cancer and the quantity of smoking, we divided the research group by a genotype of GSTM1, and analyzed the quantity of smoking and its relationship to carcinogenesis. Different patterns of odds ratio were observed in a genotype of GSTM1 or NAT2, and the existence of a group that was different in sensitivity to environmental chemical exposure was suggested.
3) We selected a workplace that used trichloroethylene and examined the relationship between genetic polymorphism and total chloride in urine. However, the concentration of trichloroethylene was low, and relevance was not recognized between genetic polymorphisms of GST and the total chloride in urine.
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