2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Molecular Mechanisms of Genome Homeostasis
| Project/Area Number |
13141101
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
SHINAGAWA Hideo Osaka University, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Professor, 微生物病研究所, 招へい教授 (40029799)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HORIUCHI Takashi National Institute for Basic Biology, Dept. of Genome Dynamics, Professor, 基礎生物学研究所, 教授 (60108644)
SONODA Eiichiro Kyoto University, Graduate School, of Medicine, Associate Professor, 大学院医学研究科, 助教授 (50281093)
IWASAKI Hiroshi Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Integrated Science, Associate Professor, 大学院国際総合科学究科, 準教授 (60232659)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2006
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| Keywords | genome dynamics / recombination / DNA damage response / DNA repair / cancer |
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| Research Abstract |
1)Crystallographic structure consisting of Holliday junction DNA and the junction migration protein RuvAB complex was elucidated. Single-molecule imaging analysis revealed that branch migration is brought by rotational movement of duplex DNA promoted by RuvAB complex bound to the junction utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis.
2)Ten novel recombination repair genes were identified in fission yeast, and their functions were analyzed. One of them, fbh-1 gene product possesses DNA helicase as well as ubiquitin ligase motif and was shown in repairing DNA by processing some sort of recombination intermediate. Vertebrate homologs of the novel genes have been studied. A new recombination pathway involving Rad51, Swi5 and Sfrl was discovered.
3)Mechanisms to maintain highly repetitive rDNA sequence have been extensively studied in budding yeast. Nature of interactions between replication block sequence RFB and the specific binding protein Fobl were elucidated both in vivo and in vitro. It was also proved that maintenance of the stability of rDNA repeats involves transcription and replication, and both cohesin and condensing complexes.
4)Using diploid yeast strains, it was shown that spontaneous chromosome rearrangements are brought by homologous recombination at repeat sequences such as retroposons.
5)New factors, Mei5 and Sae3, essential in meiotic recombination and interact with Dmcl have been identified.
6)Genetic elements consisting of restriction-modification system are shown to be responsible for chromosomal rearrangements such as amplification, transposition and genomic polymorphism in bacteria.
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