2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Neural learning process of voluntary movements depending on the degree of skilled moments.
| Project/Area Number |
13308001
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
体育学
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| Research Institution | Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences |
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Principal Investigator |
YABE Kyonosuke Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Grad.School of Sport and Exercise Science, Professor, 大学院・スポーツ科学研究科, 教授 (50090410)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KASAI Tatsuya Hiroshima University, Grad.School of International Development, Professor, 大学院・国際協力研究科, 教授 (60112702)
KOMIYAMA Tomoyoshi Chiba University, School of Education, Ass.Professor, 教育学部, 助教授 (70215408)
FUNASE Kozo Nagasaki University, School of Health Science, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (40173512)
OHTSUKI Tatsuyuki The University of Tokyo, Grad.School of Art and Science, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (30093553)
TANIGUCHI Yuko International Budo University, School of Physical Education, Professor, 体育学部, 教授 (80217140)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2002
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| Keywords | voluntary movement / learning process / neural motor system / dysfunction / activites of daily living / sporting activity / neuro-muscular function / autonomic function |
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of the present study was designed to investigate the learning process of neuro-muscular function depending on the degree of skilled movements. Research examining voluntary movements in exceptional populations - the disabled and skilled athletes - contributes significantly to our understanding of the limits of neural motor systems. The movements were classified into 3 groups (dysfunction, activities of daily living, and sporting activity).
In group of dysfunction : Persons with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) performed 1-hour training with reciprocating gait orthosis for 12 weeks. EMG activities synchronized with locomotor rhythm appeared in the soles muscle, although very little EMG activity accompanied the orthotic gait at early training stage. The induced modulation in the EMG waveforms might attribute to changes in the orthotic gait movement pattern and/or changes in the interneuronal activities of the spinal locomotor neural networks as a result of orthotic gait traini
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The effects of physical training on autonomic functions in persons with tetraplegia (C6-7) were observed. The untrained tetraplegics showed autonomic hyperreflexia during slight orthostatic challenges, while the trained tetraplegics showed a possible improvement in regulating their functions of autonomic nervous system.
In group of ADL : The study examined the effects of motor learning on the spinal level and the cortical level by means of electrical stimuli for recording H-reflex and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for recording motor evoked potential (MEPs). Modulation of common drive from motor area and the synchronization of motor units after the training were observed resulting in efficient motor performance.
In group of sporting activity : EMG activities were recorded from the muscles of upper limb during smash stroke in badminton games. Proximal muscles contributed to exerting speed and power, while distal muscles contributed to timing and control of smash stroke. Training effects of smash stroke were observed in proximal muscles at first, and afterward it occurred in distal muscles. Less
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