2002 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

嚥下障害解明に向けた基礎的研究:嚥下誘発における上位脳の役割

Research Project

Project/Area Number	14207077
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Research Institution	Niigata University
Principal Investigator	山田好秋新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究科, 教授 (80115089)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	井上誠新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究科, 助手 (00303131) 山村健介新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究科, 助手 (90272822) 前田健康新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究所, 教授 (40183941) 井出吉信東京歯科大学, 歯学部, 教授 (20103377) 石川達也東京歯科大学, 学長 (30085708)
Keywords	摂食 / 嚥下誘発 / 脳磁図 / 慢性動物 / 島 / 帯状皮質
Research Abstract	ヒトの実験においては、これまでに随意的嚥下の誘発に関する大脳皮質活動部位は明らかにされている。しかし、それらの時間的関係を明らかにすることは出来ていない。本研究の目的の1つは、高い時間空間分解能を合わせ持つ脳磁図計を用いて、随意的嚥下誘発に関わる部位の時間空間的関係を明らかにすることにある。被験者9名に水を随意的に嚥下する課題と、右手中指を随意的に素早く伸展する課題の2つを行わせ、その間の脳磁場信号を非侵襲的に記録し、解析検討を行った。その結果、随意的嚥下に関連する大脳皮質活動は、運動開始前の2000ms付近から嚥下開始まで、広く分布しているのに対し、指の運動に関連する活動は、基準点前の500ms付近から生じていた。また、指の運動課題では中前頭回が主に活動したのに対し、随意的嚥下運動前に活動する主な部位は、島、帯状皮質と下前頭回であった。これは嚥下誘発に複雑な中枢制御が必要であることを示唆するものと思われた。動物実験では、自由行動下のウサギを用いて、嚥下中枢・咀噛中枢・上位中枢の相互作用について検索を行った。その結果、自由行動下の動物においても麻酔下の動物と同様に、上喉頭神経刺激により嚥下が誘発され、この嚥下は食塊により誘発される嚥下のモデルになることが示唆された。また咀噛時と安静時における嚥下誘発に対する上喉頭神経刺激効果はほぼ同じであることから、末梢から嚥下中枢に対する入力は咀噛中枢の興奮レベルとは関係なく、嚥下中枢に入力を送っていることが明らかとなった。

Research Products

(16 results)

All Other

All Publications (16 results)

[Publications] Yamamura, K.: "Effects of reversible bilateral inactivation of face primary motor cortex on mastication and swallowing"Brain research. 944. 40-55 (2002)
[Publications] Inoue, M.: "Convergence of selected inputs from sensory afferents to trigeminal premotor neurons with possible projections to masseter motoneurons in the rabbit"Brain Research. 957. 183-191 (2002)
[Publications] Abe, S.: "Experimental device for detecting laryngeal movement during swallowing"The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College. 43・3. 199-203 (2002)
[Publications] Kakizaki, Y.: "Coordination between the masticatory and tongue muscles as seen with different foods in consistency and in reflex activities during natural chewing"Brain Research. 929. 210-217 (2002)
[Publications] Kitagawa, J.: "Pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve plays a major role in reflex swallowing from the phrynx"Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 282・5. 1342-1347 (2002)
[Publications] Kobayashi, M.: "Electrophysiological analysis of rhythmic jaw movements in the freely moving mouse"Physiology & Behavior. 75. 377-385 (2002)
[Publications] Takagi, M.: "Comparison of SLN-evoked swallows during rest and chewing in the freely behaving rabbit"Brain Research. 956. 74-80 (2002)
[Publications] Aeba, H.: "Effects of the inferior alveolar nerve stimulation on tongue muscle activity during mastication in freely behaving rabbits"Brain Research. 956. 149-155 (2002)
[Publications] Kajii, Y.: "Sour taste stimulation facilitates reflex swallowing from the pharynx and larynx in the rat"Physiology and Behavior. 77・2-3. 321-325 (2002)
[Publications] Igarashi, A.: "Comparison of physical properties of agar, low gel strength agar and gelatin, as supplementary food for people with swallowing difficulty"Journal of Texture Studies. 33. 285-295 (2002)
[Publications] Yao, D.Y.: "Neuronal activity in face primary motor cortex of awake monkeys in relation to semiautomatic and trained orofacial movement"Journal of Neurophysiology. 87・5. 2531-2541 (2002)
[Publications] Suzuki, H.: "Expression of galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) in the rat trigeminal ganglia and molar teeth"Neurosci. Res.. 42・3. 197-207 (2002)
[Publications] Ajima, H.: "The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in trigeminal ganglion and small intestine of the rats"Arch. Histol. Cytol.. 64・5. 503-511 (2002)
[Publications] Abe, S.: "Magnetoencephalographic study of the starting point of voluntary swallowing"Cranjo. 21・1. 46-49 (2003)
[Publications] Yao, D.Y.: "Effects of reversible cold block of face primary somatosensory cortex on orofacial movements and related face primary motor cortex neuronal activity"Somatosensory and Motor Research. (in press). (2003)
[Publications] Amarasena, J.: "Effect of stimulation of cortical masticatory area on swallowing evoked by the stimulation of superior laryngeal nerve in anesthetized rabbits"Brain Research. (in press). (2003)

2002 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

嚥下障害解明に向けた基礎的研究:嚥下誘発における上位脳の役割

Principal Investigator

山田 好秋 新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究科, 教授 (80115089)

Research Products

[Publications] Yamamura, K.: "Effects of reversible bilateral inactivation of face primary motor cortex on mastication and swallowing"Brain research. 944. 40-55 (2002)

[Publications] Inoue, M.: "Convergence of selected inputs from sensory afferents to trigeminal premotor neurons with possible projections to masseter motoneurons in the rabbit"Brain Research. 957. 183-191 (2002)

[Publications] Abe, S.: "Experimental device for detecting laryngeal movement during swallowing"The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College. 43・3. 199-203 (2002)

[Publications] Kakizaki, Y.: "Coordination between the masticatory and tongue muscles as seen with different foods in consistency and in reflex activities during natural chewing"Brain Research. 929. 210-217 (2002)

[Publications] Kitagawa, J.: "Pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve plays a major role in reflex swallowing from the phrynx"Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 282・5. 1342-1347 (2002)

[Publications] Kobayashi, M.: "Electrophysiological analysis of rhythmic jaw movements in the freely moving mouse"Physiology & Behavior. 75. 377-385 (2002)

[Publications] Takagi, M.: "Comparison of SLN-evoked swallows during rest and chewing in the freely behaving rabbit"Brain Research. 956. 74-80 (2002)

[Publications] Aeba, H.: "Effects of the inferior alveolar nerve stimulation on tongue muscle activity during mastication in freely behaving rabbits"Brain Research. 956. 149-155 (2002)

[Publications] Kajii, Y.: "Sour taste stimulation facilitates reflex swallowing from the pharynx and larynx in the rat"Physiology and Behavior. 77・2-3. 321-325 (2002)

[Publications] Igarashi, A.: "Comparison of physical properties of agar, low gel strength agar and gelatin, as supplementary food for people with swallowing difficulty"Journal of Texture Studies. 33. 285-295 (2002)

[Publications] Yao, D.Y.: "Neuronal activity in face primary motor cortex of awake monkeys in relation to semiautomatic and trained orofacial movement"Journal of Neurophysiology. 87・5. 2531-2541 (2002)

[Publications] Suzuki, H.: "Expression of galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) in the rat trigeminal ganglia and molar teeth"Neurosci. Res.. 42・3. 197-207 (2002)

[Publications] Ajima, H.: "The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in trigeminal ganglion and small intestine of the rats"Arch. Histol. Cytol.. 64・5. 503-511 (2002)

[Publications] Abe, S.: "Magnetoencephalographic study of the starting point of voluntary swallowing"Cranjo. 21・1. 46-49 (2003)

[Publications] Yao, D.Y.: "Effects of reversible cold block of face primary somatosensory cortex on orofacial movements and related face primary motor cortex neuronal activity"Somatosensory and Motor Research. (in press). (2003)

[Publications] Amarasena, J.: "Effect of stimulation of cortical masticatory area on swallowing evoked by the stimulation of superior laryngeal nerve in anesthetized rabbits"Brain Research. (in press). (2003)

山田好秋新潟大学, 大学院・医歯学総合研究科, 教授 (80115089)