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2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Measurement and Analysis of Price Index and Consumption Behavior Based on Point of Sale Data

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 15H01945
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Economic policy
Research InstitutionHitotsubashi University

Principal Investigator

Abe Naohito  一橋大学, 経済研究所, 教授 (30323893)

Research Collaborator Inakura Noriko  
Ueno Yuko  
Tonogi Akiyuki  
Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords家計消費 / 物価 / インフレーション / 将来予測 / 合理的期待 / スキャナーデータ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study analyzed consumption and prices based on scanner data and investigated inflation expectation formation based on an original micro survey. We found that after the change in the consumption tax rate in 2014, young people decreased their nominal expenditures more than old, while young people faced higher price levels, which decreased their real expenditure. The difference between the old and young population can be explained by the differences in their purchasing behaviors in convenience stores. We also found that the inflation expectation by Japanese households is consistent with the rational expectation hypothesis with limited information. Our experiments conducted through websites revealed that by providing households with "useful" information, their inflation expectations are revised, as predicted by the information theory.

Free Research Field

マクロ経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

2014年に行われた消費税率改定直後、日本の家計消費は大きく落ち込んだ。その落ち込み方や家計が購入する商品の物価は家計属性により異なっている。本研究により、家計消費の動きを分析する際には、どの業態で購入しているかが重要な要素となっており、平均単価の高いコンビニエンスストアで日々どの程度購入しているかを考察しないと、誤った解釈をしかねないことが判明した。また、日本家計のインフレ期待は粘着的であると広く議論されているが、適切な情報を与えることによりインフレ期待は瞬時に変化し、その変化のパターンは粘着的ではなく、むしろ合理的期待と整合的であることが本研究により明らかとなった。

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Published: 2020-03-30  

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