2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Regulation of Polycomb activities in floral stem cell control
Project/Area Number |
15H02405
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Research Field |
Plant molecular biology/Plant physiology
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Research Institution | Nara Institute of Science and Technology |
Principal Investigator |
Ito Toshiro 奈良先端科学技術大学院大学, 先端科学技術研究科, 教授 (90517096)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
石濱 泰 京都大学, 薬学研究科, 教授 (30439244)
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Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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Keywords | 発現制御 / 発生・分化 / エピジェネティクス |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In Arabidopsis flower development, expression of the stem cell determinant WUSCHEL (WUS) is negatively regulated by multiple genetic pathways, composed of receptor kinases and transcription factors (Plant Reproduction, 2018)。We show that the zinc finger transcription factor KNUCKLES (KNU) directly binds to WUS and terminate WUS expression in two steps (Plant Cell 2019). KNU causes eviction of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling factor and then recruits Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) group complex to silence WUS. In parallel to KNU, two other transcription factors SUPERMAN (SUP) and CRABS CLAW (CRC) are expressed to surround the stem cells in two consecutive manners. SUP interacts PRC2 and fine-tunes local auxin signaling by negatively regulating the expression of the auxin biosynthesis genes (EMBO J, 2018). CRC controls floral meristem determinacy through the regulation of auxin homeostasis and biosynthesis, thus repressing WUS (Nature Comm 2017; 2018).
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Free Research Field |
植物発生分子遺伝学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
花がおしべやめしべをつくり、次世代の種を残すためには、花の元となる幹細胞が十分に増殖した後に、増殖を止める必要がある。私達は、花のつぼみの中心部にあり花の元となる幹細胞の増殖を止める詳細な仕組みを世界に先駆けて明らかにした。特にヒストン修飾やクロマチンの構造を変化させるエピジェネティック制御因子が作用することで、幹細胞制御因子や植物ホルモン制御因子の発現制御に働く。この成果により、花の大きさや数などが調節できるようになれば、園芸植物の花の改良や穀物類の増産などが期待できる。
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