Causes of maternity harassment and its effect on victims' career

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 15K01931
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Gender
• Research Institution: Doshisha University
• Principal Investigator: Kawaguchi Akira 同志社大学, 政策学部, 教授 (50257903)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: マタ二ティーハラスメント / 正社員 / 残業時間 / 職務範囲

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This is the first study that uses microdata to analyze the characteristics of women and workplaces that are associated with the risk of maternity harassment (MH). Existing surveys find that regular employees are more likely to be victimized by MH than are non-regular employees. This study decomposes the regular/non-regular gap in the rate of victimization into such factors as education, tenure, voluntary resignation, pressure to work overtime, clear job description, and male-dominated workplace. I find that voluntary resignation and pressure to work overtime are the two largest factors that explain the regular/non-regular gap in the risk of MH. I also find that organizations that provide clear job descriptions have low risk of MH. The results suggest that organizations could reduce the risk of MH by clarifying individual employees’ roles and by highly evaluating employees who execute their duties without overtime.

Free Research Field

ジェンダー

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

第一の意義は、マタハラの実態を明らかにしたことである。中でも、一般的な理解とは逆に、正社員の方が、非正社員よりマタハラに遭う確率が高いことが分かった。言葉によるマタハラは、妊娠した正社員の12.4％が経験しているのに対し、非正社員は6.1％しか経験していない。母性保護制度の利用拒否や解雇などのマタハラは、正社員の17.1％が経験しているのに対し、非正社員は11.6％しか経験していない。。
第二に、マタハラが多い職場の特徴として、労働時間が長いこと、職務範囲が曖昧であることが明らかになった。これらは、マタハラを少なくするための制度策定の貴重な情報となる。