2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Search for rapid-acting antidepressant using MEA-based co-culture systems
| Project/Area Number |
16H03162
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Biomedical engineering/Biomaterial science and engineering
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
Jimbo Yasuhiko 東京大学, 大学院工学系研究科(工学部), 教授 (20372401)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 脳神経疾患 / 細胞・組織 / シグナル伝達 / ナノバイオ |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Rapid-acting antidepressant was searched using MicroElectrode-Array (MEA) -based neuronal ensemble recording system. In addition to ketamine, which has clear antidepressant effect but with limited use due to its side effects, memantine (no antidepressant effect, no side effect), lanicemine (weak antidepressant effect) were applied. The bursting neurons in cortical cells showed a specific pharmacological response, which might underlie rapid antidepressant mechanisms. The next step will be to identify the subunit composition of the NMDA receptors on these neurons.
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| Free Research Field |
神経工学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
現在一般に用いられている抗うつ薬は効果が現われるまでに数週間を要するという課題があり，即効性抗うつ効果を有するが副作用ゆえに使用が制限されているケタミンに代わる薬理活性物質が求められている．本研究では培養系に維持した神経細胞群を利用して，ケタミンを含む3種類の薬物の作用を調べた．大脳皮質に含まれる多様な細胞の中で特定のグループが特殊な薬理応答を示すという結果が得られた．この細胞群を特定し，関与する受容体のサブユニット構成などを調べることにより，抗うつ効果を発揮するメカニズムの理解が進み，新たな薬理活性物質の探索が期待できる．
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