2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Parallel Assessment of Genetic Diversity across Full Range of Species in Riverine Communities Using Next-Generation Sequencing

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	16H04437
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Civil and environmental engineering
Research Institution	Ehime University
Principal Investigator	Watanabe Kozo 愛媛大学, 理工学研究科(工学系), 教授 (80634435)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	加藤幹男大阪府立大学, 高等教育推進機構, 教授 (30204499) 八重樫咲子山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 助教 (30756648) 竹門康弘京都大学, 防災研究所, 准教授 (50222104)
Project Period (FY)	2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	遺伝的多様性 / 生息地分断化 / 次世代シークエンシング / 流域 / 自然選択
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We developed a new method for parallel assessment of genetic dversity across multiple species in riverine invertebrate communities using next-generation sequencing technology. We applied the develop method to the Shigenobu River Basin and tested its utility and feasibility. In this case study, we investigated gene flow among localities in the basin for 15 species of aquatic insects (3 of Ephemeroptera species; 12 of Diptera, Chironomidae species) in parallel. Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I region in mitochondrial DNA were amplified with DNA tag for each sampling site and were genotyped using NGS amplicon analysis. Comparison of pairwise Fsts between flagmented sited and between non-flagmented sited by intermittend interval showed that most spesies were not interrupted by intermittent interval other than Baetis sp. and Chironomus kiiensis. Overall, we could demonstrate a high potential of the developed method in accelerating assessment of genetic diversity in wild populations.
Free Research Field	応用生態工学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	従来の一種限定の評価から脱却し，全生息種を対象に，生息地分断化や環境選択の遺伝子レベルの生態影響を迅速かつ安価に評価する新規的技術を開発した。この手法は，数多くの生息種の中から，特に生息地分断化による移動阻害や地球温暖化などの環境選択の影響を受けて遺伝子レベルの生物多様性が劣化している種を見つけ，それらの種を優先的に保全するなど、より高度な生態系保全に貢献する技術となる。