Molecular epidemiological study toward personalized prevention of lifestyle-related diseases in community residents

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16K09104
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Hygiene and public health
• Research Institution: Wakayama Medical University
• Principal Investigator: Takeshita Tatsuya 和歌山県立医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (20150310)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 牟礼 佳苗 和歌山県立医科大学, 医学部, 准教授 (90268491) ; 島袋 美絵 和歌山県立医科大学, 医学部, 学内助教 (70776939)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 飲酒 / 多型 / アルコール脱水素酵素 / アルデヒド脱水素酵素 / アセトアルデヒド / 血圧 / 動脈硬化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We examined relationships between the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes, alcohol intake behavior and systolic blood pressure (SBP), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 2218 community residents (986 men and 1232 women). Significant associations between alcohol intake and SBP were observed both in ALDH2*1/*1 and ALDH2*2 in men. In women, the associations were observed in ALDH2*1/*1 but not in ALDH2*2. Furthermore, the associations were observed both in ADH1B*1 and ADH1B*2/*2 in men. In women, the associations were observed in ADH1B*2/*2 but not in ADH1B*1. The associations between alcohol intake and baPWV were suggested both in ALDH2*1/*1 and ALDH2*2 in men, although not significant. In women, the tendency of the associations were indicated in ALDH2*1/*1 but not in ALDH2*2. In both men and women, the associations were observed in ADH1B*2/*2 but not in ADH1B*1.

Free Research Field

医歯薬学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

アルコール代謝酵素の遺伝子多型(ALDH2及びADH1B)は、日本人において高頻度に存在しており、２つの遺伝子多型の組合せが飲酒行動に強く影響を及ぼしている。また、アルコール依存症や食道がんノリスクとも強く関連しており、自分の遺伝子多型のタイプを知ることにより、自分自身の固有の予防対策を立てる、個別化予防が可能になることが期待される。本研究により、血圧や動脈硬化指標にも、これらの遺伝子多型が関連していることが示唆され、個別化予防を進める上で貴重な基礎資料となると考えられる。