Examination of osteonecrosis of the jaw treatment method by autologous iPS cell origin mesenchymal stem cell

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16K11675
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Surgical dentistry
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Nishizawa Satoru 東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 特任助教 (00646200)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 浅輪 幸世 東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 特任助教 (10769912) ; 星 和人 東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 教授 (30344451)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 薬剤性顎骨壊死 / iPS細胞 / 細胞治療 / MSC

Outline of Final Research Achievements

MSCs used for cell transplantation therapy are harvested from bone marrow or adipose tissue. However, high quality MSCs can not be collected in large quantities. In addition, MSCs are rapidly dedifferentiated by culture and lose cellular properties. Furthermore, MSCs collected from elderly people have reduced proliferative potential. Therefore, treatment for all patients is not possible. We focused on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) as a source of MSCs, and generated MSCs for use in cell therapy from iPSC. At this time, MSCs having different degrees of maturity were produced using the expression level of the Pdgfr gene encoding the platelet-derived growth factor receptor as an index. The MSCs were administered to a jaw bone necrosis disease model mouse to evaluate the therapeutic effect.

Free Research Field

再生医療

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の特色はiPS細胞の分化誘導技術とモデル動物作製技術を組み合わせることで、これまでの骨髄由来MSCを用いた方法では不可能だった大量かつ分化段階の異なるMSCをiPS細胞から誘導し、薬剤性顎骨壊死(ARONJ)モデル動物を用いて細胞移植治療の各種検討をおこなうことでARONJに対する細胞移植治療の有用性を実証することにある。本研究で得られた成果は、口腔外科領域のみならず、脳神経外科、整形外科や形成外科など、骨再建を担う他科においても有意義な知見となるものであり、広く医療に貢献するものと考えている。