Analysis of the genetic factor for mesiodens formation

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16K11813
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Orthodontics/Pediatric dentistry
• Research Institution: Nihon University
• Principal Investigator: SHIMIZU Takehiko 日本大学, 松戸歯学部, 教授 (40328761)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 正中過剰歯 / 遺伝要因 / 一塩基多型 / SNP

Outline of Final Research Achievements

A mesiodens is the most common supernumerary tooth present in the maxillary incisor area. This study aimed to identify genes associated with susceptibility to mesiodens formation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping array analysis revealed that suggestive differences between mesiodens group and controls in allele frequencies of SNPs on chromosome 19, X and 2.
Allele frequencies of 5 SNPs in genes associated with supernumerary incisor formation in rodents were compared between the two groups. In addition, SNPs in 16 genes associated with the initiation of odontogenesis were tested. No positive polymorphisms were found in the tested SNPs between the two groups. These results suggest that these SNPs might not be candidates of genetic marker for mesiodens formation.

Free Research Field

小児歯科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

上顎正中過剰歯は、永久前歯の位置異常や発育障害の原因となるため、治療の原則は過剰歯の早期診断と抜去である。本研究の成果は、 上顎正中過剰歯発症の早期診断を行うために、遺伝子マーカーを用いた遺伝子検査確立のための新たな方略、方向性を示すものであり、今後の歯科臨床の発展に大きく寄与するものと考えられる。本研究の成果は、今後１９、X、２番染色体上の遺伝子のさらなる調査の可能性を示したとともに、上顎正中過剰歯発症に関与する歯の初期発生関連遺伝子の多型マーカーは、高頻度の一塩基多型の箇所ではなく、より稀な頻度で現れる他の多型の可能性を示した。