2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Regulation of mast cell function by non-canonical lipid pathway
| Project/Area Number |
16K15122
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Biological pharmacy
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo (2017)
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science (2016) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Research Collaborator |
MURAKAMI Makoto
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2018-03-31
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| Keywords | マスト細胞 / アレルギー / 脂質代謝 / ホスホリパーゼA2 / 生理活性脂質 / リピドミクス |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Phospholipase A2s (PLA2s) are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids to yield fatty acids and lysophospholipids, which serve as precursors for a variety of lipid mediators. It is currently acknowledged that classical lipid mediators such as arachidonic acid metabolites produced by PLA2s modulate mast cell-associated immune response. Moreover, mast cells express a variety of PLA2s or lipid receptors and can alter the release and production of other mediators including histamine, cytokines and chemokines, and thereby homeostatic or pathophysiological responses. Our current studies on newly acknowledged functional aspects of individual PLA2s or lipid receptors in mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergy in relation to non-canonical lipid pathway revealed that (1) the novel regulation of mast cells by a lipid mediator other than classical arachidonate metabolites and (2) the novel PLA2-driven lipid mediator pathway in the regulation of mast cell quality.
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| Free Research Field |
脂質生物学
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