Isolation and structure determination of chemotactic regulatory substances as basic technology for the development of new plant protection method.

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17H03812
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Bioorganic chemistry
• Research Institution: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
• Principal Investigator: Natsume Masahiro 東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 教授 (10201683)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 青枯病 / 走化性 / トマト / 根滲出物

Outline of Final Research Achievements

A chemoattractant of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from the activated charcoal-adsorbed fraction of tomato root exudates was identified as ethyl β-D-glucopyranoside by instrumental analyses and comparison with synthetic preparations. Ethyl β-D-glucopyranoside showed unambiguous activity at above 1 μmol/disc. Its stereoisomers and D-glucose were inactive.
The effect of secondary metabolites and plant hormones produced by tomato on the chemotaxis of R. solanacearum was studied. Several hydroxylated aromatic carboxylic acids and a plant hormone, jasmonic acid, showed chemoattractant activity. Salicylic acid showed both chemoattractant and repellent activity depending on the concentration.

Free Research Field

生理活性天然物化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

細菌の走化性誘引物質に関する研究は古くから行われているが、従来は根滲出物の成分の走化性誘引活性を調べるにとどまっており、活性を指標に根滲出物から走化性誘引物質を単離構造決定した研究は本報告が初めてであり、その学術的意義は大きい。
トマトの二次代謝産物として報告されている水酸化された芳香族カルボン酸が走化性誘引活性や忌避活性を示すことを見出したことは、既知の走化性誘引物質がアミノ酸、有機酸や糖など水溶性物質であることを考えると、新しい発見であり、走化性誘引物質や忌避物質の農業への応用に新たな道を拓くものであると期待できる。