Creation of next-generation cell therapy for diabetes with focus on nesidioblastic change

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17H04270
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: General surgery
• Research Institution: Niigata University
• Principal Investigator: Kobayashi Takashi 新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 講師 (40464010)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 松田 康伸 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (40334669) ; 三浦 宏平 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 助教 (70733658) ; 窪田 正幸 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 教授 (50205150)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 膵島移植 / 細胞移植 / 糖尿病 / 再生医療 / 移植外科学

Outline of Final Research Achievements

It was confirmed that stress protein expression was nesidioblastic changes observed in chronic pancreatitis tissue, and that similar proteins were also induced in drug induced pancreatitis models. Although stress proteins have been reported to promote graft engraftment, it is likely that stress-related proteins are also involved in graft engraftment with nesidioblastic changes. In addition, the usefulness of GLP-1 was suggested as a drug that may promote the regeneration of transplanted islets after engraftment of islets and improve blood glucose.

Free Research Field

移植外科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

糖尿病は、小児から高齢者まで幅広い年齢層に発生する難治性の疾患です。脳死ドナーの膵臓から分離された膵島細胞移植治療は、糖尿病の根治的な治療として注目されており、膵島移植治療によって、これまでのインスリン注射や食事療法から解放され、死の危険性もある低血糖発作も予防することができます。本研究の成果によって、脳死ドナー不足が深刻な本邦において、少ない膵島細胞からでも十分な効果を発揮する膵島細胞移植治療の開発が可能となります。