2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Origin of human terrestrial life influenced by climate change in the late Miocene
| Project/Area Number |
17K07586
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Physical anthropology
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
橋本 千絵 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 助教 (40379011)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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| Keywords | ボノボ / チンパンジー / 森林気象 / 地上性 / 樹上性 / 熱帯季節林 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
I conducted a survey for chimpanzees in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda, for three months in the dry season from December to February 2017, and a survey for bonobos in the Wamba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, for four months in the dry season from December to March 2018. At both sites, I tracked focal animal by nest to nest and recorded the behavior of the target species. Also, the fruit availability was measured twice a month. The temperature in the forest was measured at heights of 1.5 m to a maximum of 26 m every 10 minutes.
Although data analysis is currently in progress, party size analysis was performed using the previously collected data from Wamba and Bossou in West Africa. The party size was larger for terrestrial parties than that in trees. the predation risk might affected their party size. In the future, I plan to make a new analysis using the data of Kalinzu, collected this time.
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| Free Research Field |
動物生態学 進化生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
1980年代以降、イーストサイドストーリーの内容が広く理解され、森林面積の減少とヒトの誕生の関係が議論されるようになってきた。環境変化が生物の進化を促すという進化生物学のごく一般的な知識が、ヒトの進化にも適用されたことには大きな意義があった。しかし、初期人類は森林環境ですでに半地上性を獲得しており、その生態学的な理由が不明なままだった。本研究は森林内で地上利用が増える要因を森林内微気象と特定しており、かつての熱帯季節林の周辺部で初期人類の化石が発見されていることの理由を与えている。本研究はイーストサイドストーリーに変わる新たな人類誕生の仮説を提唱している。
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