2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of the mechanism of microglial transition in brain construction and its significance
| Project/Area Number |
17K08500
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
General anatomy (including histology/embryology)
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| Research Institution | Kindai University (2019-2020)
Aichi Medical University (2017-2018) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
長尾 哲二 近畿大学, 理工学部, 教授 (30351563)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | ミクログリア / 脳内炎症 / 大脳皮質 / 海馬歯状回 / 神経新生 / 母胎内環境 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The central nerve system during the prenatal period, in which cells proliferate, neurognesis, and neuronal migration, is highly sensitive to environmental factors such as chemical substances, stress exposure, and infectious diseases. Effects on cell dynamics such as neurogensis, maturation, and neuronal projection during this period can cause congenital malformations and brain dysfunctio0n.
We focused on abnormal activation of microglia and inflammation in the developing brain. These have been shown to be widespread phenomena due to prenatal exposure to various chemicals and stresses, as well as infectious diseases. In other words, it was shown that morphogenesis and functional maturation of the cerebral cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus may be hindered by inflammation in the brain caused by various environmental factors, which may cause congenital malformations and developmental disorders.
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| Free Research Field |
神経発生毒性学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
胎児期の母胎内環境は、先天奇形や発達障害などの原因となるだけでなく、成熟してからの生活習慣病や精神疾患とも関連することが報告されている。その原因の一つに、化学物質やストレス曝露などによる脳内炎症があり、炎症関連因子によって活性化されたミクログリアによって、組織構築や神経投射に影響が及ぼされている可能性が示された。先天奇形や発達障害は治療することが難しいため、予防することが重要である。つまり、脳内炎症やミクログリアの異常な活性化が、先天奇形や発達障害の予防法のターゲットとなりうる可能性を示すことができた。
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