Mechanism of chemoradiotherapy resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using exosome analysis

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17K10590
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Digestive surgery
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: Furukawa Takaoki 広島大学, 原爆放射線医科学研究所, 専門研究員 (00736530)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: マイクロRNA / IsomiR / 食道扁平上皮癌 / 次世代シークエンサー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The expression of miR/isomiR in sera collected from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients (ESCC) and healthy control (HC) treated at our hospital was investigated by next-generation sequencing. These cases were divided into two groups, and diagnostic biomarkers were defined as those that were detectable in more than 90% of cases and that differed more than two-fold in the mean number of reads in predominance, and reproducibility between the two groups was confirmed. As a result, one mature miR(X) and two isomiRs(Y and Z) were selected in multivariate linear regression analysis. These diagnostic panel indices were significantly higher in ESCC cases than in HC and significantly lower in esophageal adenocarcinoma and highly atypical cases than in the ESCC group.(At present, the name of miR / isomiR are anonymous.)

Free Research Field

消化器外科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

次世代シークエンサーにより選択した1つの成熟miRNAと2つのisomiRを用いた診断パネルインデックスは食道扁平上皮癌の診断に高い精度を持ち、食道扁平上皮癌にて食道腺癌や高度異型性症例より有意に高値であることから、新しいバイオマーカーとして機能すると考えられる。これらを用いた食道扁平上皮癌術前化学放射線療法施行群での治療効果との相関の検証などへの発展が見込まれる。