Reconstruction of three-dimensional Alzheimer's disease model in vitro and development of novel treatment by human dental pulp stem cells

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17K11813
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Dental engineering/Regenerative dentistry
• Research Institution: The Nippon Dental University
• Principal Investigator: Xiao Li 日本歯科大学, 生命歯学部, 講師 (80548256)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 佐伯 周子 日本歯科大学, 生命歯学部, 准教授 (90281435) ; 岡村 尚 日本歯科大学, 生命歯学部, 助教 (80795154)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 神経再生 / アルツハイマー病 / ヒト歯髄幹細胞 / 酸化ストレス / アミロイドβ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study first reconstructed an in vitro three-dimensional model of Alzheimer's disease. Oxidative stress-tolerant stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (OST-SHED) were created by H2O2-stimulation. OST-SHED could protect the brain tissue from oxidative stress, reduce the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ), and increase activity of Neprilysin (one of the Aβdegrading enzymes). Although OST-SHED had lower cell viability, the neuronal protection
of OST-SHED was significantly superior to that of normal SHED. Our findings suggest that SHED, especially OST-SHED, could prevent oxidative stress induced brain damage and improve the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. OST-SHED can be explored as a new therapeutic tool for IBD, TBI and neurodegenerative disorders.

Free Research Field

再生歯学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は初めてIn vitroにおいてアルツハイマー病の病態モデルを構築し、酸化ストレス耐性歯髄幹細胞の開発に成功した。この病態モデルと酸化ストレス耐性歯髄幹細胞を用いて、神経再生、抗酸化、Aβクリアランス促進、抗老化を総合的に行う治療法を開発し、世界に先駆けて認知症を始めとする神経変性疾患の根本的な治療法を開発することにつながると考えられる。