Geophysical and Geochemical Environment of Archean Biosphere

2008 Fiscal Year Self-evaluation Report

• Project/Area Number: 18340174
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
• Research Institution: Kagoshima University
• Principal Investigator: NEDACHI Munetomo Kagoshima University, 理学部, 教授 (10107849)
• Project Period (FY): 2006 – 2009
• Keywords: ストロマトライト / 炭素同位体比 / バイオマーカー / 古地磁気 / 古環境

Research Abstract

本研究課題以前に採集した資料を使って、太古代の生命と環境の共進化の研究を推進するため、古地磁気編年、地球化学、有機炭質物の炭素同位体比、後世の有機物汚染を明らかにする。
古地磁気の測定 : 35~27億年前の地球磁場を明らかにするため、コアを使って岩石磁気の測定を行う。
炭素同位体比の測定 : 熱変成作用や熱水変成作用、広域変成作用による炭素同位体比の変動を検討し、堆積当時の炭素同位体比の変動を検討する。
続成作用の室内実験 : 34.6億年前の鉄を含むMrable Bar Chertは、鉄バクテリアによるものと考えられるが、残留有機炭素が極めて少ない。これを解釈するために、浮遊性鉄バクテリアが沈殿させたと考えられる。これを確認するため人工的にgoethiteとシリカゲル、アミノ酸及びたんぱく質を混合し、続成作用の模擬実験を行う。
現世土壌との比較 : 太古代の古土壌を吟味するために、日本の南西諸島の現世土壌を調査し、有機・無機化学的な変化と、土壌中の微生物の同定を行う。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Hematite formation by oxygenated groundwater more than 2.76 billion years ago (2009)
  • Author(s): Kato,Y., Suzuki,K., Nakamura,K., Hickman,A., Nedachi,M. and Ohmoto,H.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters 278
• [Journal Article] 鹿児島県久多島の深海遠洋性石灰岩の層序・コノドント化石年代と海洋プレート層序学的比較 (2008)
  • Author(s): 吉田麻美, 尾上哲治
  • Journal Title: 地質学雑誌 111 Pages: 246-249
• [Journal Article] Sedimentary facies from Upper Triassic reefal limestone of the Sambosan Accretionary Complex in Japan : mid-ocean patch reef development in the Panthalassa Ocean. (2008)
  • Author(s): Onoue,T. and Stanley,G.D.
  • Journal Title: Facies 54 Pages: 529-547
• [Journal Article] 鹿児島県久多島, 三宝山付加コンプレックスの深海・遠洋性石灰岩 (2007)
  • Author(s): 尾上哲治
  • Journal Title: 地質学雑誌 113 Pages: 1-11
• [Journal Article] Influence of submarine fumaroles on the distribution of mercury in the sediment of Kagoshima Bay, Japan (2007)
  • Author(s): Tomiyasu,T., Eguchi,T., Yamamoto,M., Anazawa,K., Ando,T., Nedachi,M., Marumo,K. and Sakamoto,H.
  • Journal Title: Marine Chemistry Vol.109 Pages: 173-183
• [Journal Article] Triassic mid-oceanic sedimentation in Panthalassa Ocean : Sambosan accretionary complex, Japan. (2007)
  • Author(s): Onoue,T
  • Journal Title: Island Arc, 16 Pages: 173-190
• [Journal Article] Paleomagnetism of the Marble Bar Chert Member, Western Australia : Implications for apparent polar wander path for Pilbara craton during rchean time (2006)
  • Author(s): Suganuma,Y., Hamano,Y., Niitsuma, S., M.Hoashi, T.Hisamitsu, N.Niitsuma, Kodama, K and Nedachi, M.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol.252 Pages: 360-371
• [Journal Article] Mineralogy of microbial fossil-like textures in the Precambrian Marble Bar chert and Gunflint Chert (2006)
  • Author(s): Akai,J., Ito,S., Sekiguchi, N. and Nedachi,M.
  • Journal Title: Materials Science and Engineering 26 Pages: 613-616
• [Presentation] Lithology of Triassic-Jurassic bedded chert in Dimanglet and Marinon Islands (2008)
  • Author(s): Nikaido, T., Matsuoka, A., Onoue, T., Zamoras,L.R.
  • Organizer: North Palawan, Philippines
  • Place of Presentation: IGC, Oslo, Norway
  • Year and Date: 20080800
• [Presentation] Radiolarian chert with striped structure and its paleoceanographic significance (2008)
  • Author(s): Matsuoka, A., Nikaido, T., Onoue, T., Zamoras, L.R.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉
  • Year and Date: 20080500
• [Presentation] Triassic-Jurassic radiolarian biostratigraphy in the Dimanglet Section, Calamian Islands, North Palawan Block, Philippines (2008)
  • Author(s): Matsuoka, A.,Nikaido, T., Onoue, T., Zamoras,L.R.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉
  • Year and Date: 20080500
• [Presentation] Lithology of Triassic-Jurassic bedded chert in Dimanglet and Marinon Islands, North Palawan, Philippines (2008)
  • Author(s): Nikaido, T., Matsuoka, A., Onoue, T., Zamoras,L.R.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉
  • Year and Date: 20080500
• [Presentation] Hydrothermal alteration in the 2.77 Ga Mt Roe basalt, Pilbara, Western Australia (2006)
  • Author(s): Nedachi,M., Nedachi,Y., Sakaki,H. and Terashima,K.
  • Organizer: IMA
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe, Japan
  • Year and Date: 20060700
• [Presentation] Bio-activity in the 3.46 Ga hydrothermal system ; ferruginous Marble Bar Chert, Pilbara, Western Australia (2006)
  • Author(s): Nedachi,M., Nedachi,Y., Sakaki,H. and Terashima,K.
  • Organizer: IMA
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe, Japan
  • Year and Date: 20060700
• [Presentation] Chlorine geochemistry of volcanic rocks in the Hokusatsu gold mining district in Kyushu, Japan (2006)
  • Author(s): Furusawa,M. and Nedachi,M.
  • Organizer: IMA
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe, Japan
  • Year and Date: 20060700