Development of comprehensive analysis system for chemopreventive effect of colon tumor using organoid

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K07950
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
• Research Institution: Yokohama City University
• Principal Investigator: HIGURASHI Takuma 横浜市立大学, 医学部, 講師 (90622580)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 大腸癌 / 化学予防 / オルガノイド / アスピリン / メトホルミン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Colorectal cancer is on the rise worldwide, and urgent countermeasures are required. The purpose of our study was to develop a comprehensive analysis system to elucidate the pharmacology and mechanism of chemopreventive candidates by recapitulating the carcinogenic stages of normal epithelium, adenoma, sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), and colorectal cancer using organoids, a novel culture technique. The aim of this study was to develop a system for comprehensive analysis of the pharmacology/mechanism of chemopreventive candidate drugs by recreating each carcinogenic stage of colorectal cancer with organoids. We established human-derived colonic organoids and created a cell bank. We also succeeded in transplanting them into mice using the Xenograft model. We investigated the synergistic effects and mechanisms of chemoprevention using aspirin and metformin.

Free Research Field

消化器内科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では大腸癌の一次予防、なかでも化学予防（Chemoprevention）に着目して研究を進め、化学予防薬候補のアスピリン、メトホルミンの予防効果の機序解析を行った。
大腸癌の二次予防（早期発見、早期治療）は、これまで一定の成果を上げてはいるが、増加する大腸癌の罹患/死亡には対応しきれておらず、今後はより進んだ対策が求められている。そのため根本的な対策である一次予防（健康増進/疾病予防）が今後の大腸癌の罹患/死亡率の抑制や、高騰する医療費の抑制には、より重要となり、本研究の化学予防の取り組みはその一助となるものである。