Immune regulation of graft versus host diseases by dendritic cell subsets

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K16096
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 54010:Hematology and medical oncology-related
• Research Institution: Wakayama Medical University
• Principal Investigator: Fukuda Yuri 和歌山県立医科大学, 医学部, 特別研究員 (40770847)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-02-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 樹状細胞 / がん免疫 / 移植片対宿主病

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Dendritic cells (DCs) consist of various subsets with subset-specific functions. In this study, by utilizing various gene-manipulated mice including the mice concerning a DC subset expressing a chemokine receptor, XCR1, I have shown the following results. First, effective anti-cancer therapy was achieved by delivering cancer peptides to XCR1+DCs. Second, roles of XCR1+DCs in graft versus host disease were clarified. Finally novel mechanisms regulating type I interferon production from DCs were shown.

Free Research Field

免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、樹状細胞がいろんな細胞集団から構成されていることがわかってきているが、まだ臨床への応用に関しては十分とは言えない。今回、特に、XCR1+DCに関する遺伝子改変マウスを用いて、XCR1+DCという樹状細胞サブセットへの抗原送達により有効な抗がん療法の可能性を示したことは、XCR1+DCに関する遺伝子改変マウスが樹状細胞研究に有用であることを示すと同時に、抗がん免疫療法に関して新たな方向性を提示した点で社会的意義も大きい。