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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of strategies to promote proper antibiotic use for refractory respiratory infections

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18K16179
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 54030:Infectious disease medicine-related
Research InstitutionKumamoto University

Principal Investigator

Migiyama Yohei  熊本大学, 大学院生命科学研究部(医), 特定研究員 (20779178)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords緑膿菌 / 難治性気道感染症 / 抗菌薬適正使用 / 薬剤耐性菌
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We collected and analyzed data of mechanically ventilated ICU patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from respiratory specimens, and investigated factors related to the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. The results showed that the clinical course of respiratory infection differed depending on the density of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with particularly high density (greater than or equal to 10^7 cfu/mL) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing a strong inflammatory response and worsening chest x-ray findings. In ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis antibiotic, antibiotic therapy was associated with improved weaning from mechanical ventilation only when high density of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected. Our study found hyperglycemia, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and the use of non-antipseudomonal cephalosporins as the risk factors for high density of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Free Research Field

呼吸器内科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

緑膿菌はクオラムセンシング機構を介し、その菌量に応じて病原性を大きく変化させている。本研究はこれに着目し、緑膿菌気道感染に対して抗菌薬使用を考慮すべき菌量や、重篤な高菌量感染になるリスク因子について解析した。現在、薬剤耐性菌の増加が医療システムを脅かす深刻な問題となっている。緑膿菌は抗菌薬への多様な耐性機序を有しており、重症患者の下気道に容易に定着するため、抗菌薬使用の判断が難しい場合が多い。本研究で得られた結果は、緑膿菌気道感染症へのより効果的な抗菌薬使用法の開発や薬剤耐性菌を減少させるためのさらなる臨床研究に繋がるものと期待される。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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