Development of cell therapy for severe CNS disease using cranial bone mesenchymal stem cells

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K16561
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 56010:Neurosurgery-related
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: Mitsuhara Takafumi 広島大学, 医系科学研究科(医), 助教 (80571801)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 神経再生 / 間葉系幹細胞 / 脳梗塞 / 脊髄損傷 / パラクライン効果 / 頭蓋骨由来間葉系幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have established cranial bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CMSC) originate from neural crest. We have provided novel evidence showing that cell-based therapy using CMSC results in excellent functional recovery in cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury rat models. We have also shown that CMSC exert paracrine effects such as anti-apoptotic and anti-necroptotic effects, suggesting that CMSC may be a new therapeutic agent in cell-based therapy for CNS disease.

Free Research Field

再生医療

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

神経再生細胞療法の最適な細胞ソースの候補として、これまで我々は頭蓋骨由来間葉系幹細胞を樹立した．本研究では、頭蓋骨由来間葉系幹細胞の分子生物学的特徴を解析し，実際の神経再生治療への応用を見据えて脳梗塞及び脊髄損傷モデルラットを用いた研究を行い、優れた特性・効果を立証した．本研究を通し，頭蓋骨由来間葉系幹細胞を応用して今後期待される神経再生医療の細胞療法について、多面的な重要知見を得ることができた。