Development of a new treatment for obese diabetic periodontitis using anti-inflammatory miRNA-encapsulating exosomes

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K17071
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57030:Conservative dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: SANO TOMOMI 九州大学, 歯学研究院, 助教 (50782075)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 炎症 / 肥満 / 歯周病 / microRNA

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In vitro study revealed that miR-146a transfection into either adipocytes or gingival fibroblasts, has resulted in a reduced cytokine gene expression, observed on co-culturing the cells with macrophages in the presence of LPS, in comparison to the control miRNA transfected. Similarly, miR-146a transfection into macrophages resulted in a reduced expression of TNF-α gene and protein in response to LPS stimulation.
In vivo study revealed that a continuous intravenous miR-146a administration into mice via tail vein, protected the mice from developing obesity and the inflammatory cytokine gene expression was down-regulated in both adipose and periodontal tissues.

Free Research Field

歯周病学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

TNF-α中和抗体添加によりサイトカイン産生が抑制するという過去の結果から、今回用いた共培養系においてもmiR-146a-5pがマクロファージからのTNF-α発現を抑制し、結果的に炎症抑制につながったと考える。
miR-146a-5pは肥満糖尿病などにおいて脂肪・歯周組織の炎症に共通の制御因子として働く可能性がある。